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Seed dormancy release accelerated by elevated partial pressure of oxygen is associated with DOG loci.

ABSTRACT: Seed dormancy determines the timing of seed germination and may be released by dry storage, also referred to as after-ripening. Studies on dormancy-release mechanisms are often hampered by the long after-ripening requirements of seeds. After-ripening is thought to be mainly caused by oxidative processes during seed dry storage. These processes are also the main cause of seed ageing. Increasing partial oxygen pressure through the elevated partial pressure of oxygen (EPPO) system has been shown to mimic and accelerate dry seed ageing. In this study, we investigated whether the EPPO system may also release primary seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. EPPO mimics dry after-ripening at the genetic level, as quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis after EPPO treatment identified the DELAY OF GERMINATION loci DOG1, DOG2, and DOG6 that were first described in a study using dry after-ripening to release seed dormancy. QTL analysis also showed that dormancy release by cold stratification (another common method to break seed dormancy) partly overlaps with release by after-ripening and EPPO treatment. We conclude that EPPO is an appropriate method to mimic and accelerate dormancy release and, as such, may have applications in both research and industry.

SUBMITTER: Buijs G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6022590 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Seed dormancy release accelerated by elevated partial pressure of oxygen is associated with DOG loci.

Buijs Gonda G Kodde Jan J Groot Steven P C SPC Bentsink Leónie L

Journal of experimental botany 20180601 15

Seed dormancy determines the timing of seed germination and may be released by dry storage, also referred to as after-ripening. Studies on dormancy-release mechanisms are often hampered by the long after-ripening requirements of seeds. After-ripening is thought to be mainly caused by oxidative processes during seed dry storage. These processes are also the main cause of seed ageing. Increasing partial oxygen pressure through the elevated partial pressure of oxygen (EPPO) system has been shown to ...[more]

PMID: 29701795

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Project description:Seed aging during storage results in loss of vigor and germination ability due to the accumulation of damage by oxidation reactions. Experimental aging tests, for instance to study genetic variation, aim to mimic natural aging in a shorter timeframe. As the oxidation rate is increased by elevating the temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels, this study aimed to (1) investigate the effect of experimental rice seed aging by an elevated partial pressure of oxygen (EPPO), (2) elucidate the mechanism of dry-EPPO aging and (3) compare aging under dry-EPPO conditions to aging under traditional moist-controlled deterioration (CD) conditions and to long-term ambient storage. Dry seeds from 20 diverse rice accessions were experimentally aged under EPPO (200 times higher oxygen levels), at 50% relative humidity (RH), along with storage under high-pressure nitrogen gas and ambient conditions as controls. While no decline in germination was observed with ambient storage, there was significant aging of the rice seeds under EPPO storage, with considerable variation in the aging rate among the accessions, with an average decline toward 50% survival obtained after around 21 days in EPPO storage and total loss of germination after 56 days. Storage under high-pressure nitrogen gas resulted in a small but significant decline, by an average of 5% germination after 56 days. In a second experiment, seven rice seed lots were stored under EPPO as compared to a moist-CD test and two different long-term ambient storage conditions, i.e., conditioned warehouse seed storage (CWSS) and traditional rice seed storage (TRSS). Untargeted metabolomics (with identification of lipid and volatile compounds profiles) showed a relatively high increase in levels of oxidized lipids and related volatiles under all four storage conditions. These compounds had a high negative correlation with seed viability, indicating oxidation as a main deteriorating process during seed aging. Correlation analysis indicated that EPPO storage at 50% RH is more related to aging under TRSS at 60% and CD-aging at 75% ERH rather than CWSS at 40% ERH. In conclusion, aging rice seeds under EPPO conditions is a suitable experimental aging method for analyzing variation among seed lots or genotypes for longevity under storage.

Project description:Seed dormancy transition is a vital developmental process for seedling propagation and agricultural production. The process is precisely regulated by diverse endogenous genetic factors and environmental cues. Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana Decne) is an important rootstock species that requires cold stratification to break seed dormancy, but the mechanisms underlying pear seed dormancy release are not yet fully understood. Here, we analyzed the transcriptome profiles at three different stages of cold stratification in callery pear seeds using RNA sequencing combined with phytohormone and sugar content measurements. Significant alterations in hormone contents and carbohydrate metabolism were observed and reflected the dormancy status of the seeds. The expressions of genes related to plant hormone metabolism and signaling transduction, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis (ASAs, TSA, NITs, YUC, and AAO) genes as well as several abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) catabolism and signaling transduction genes (CYP707As, GA2ox, and DELLAs), were consistent with endogenous hormone changes. We further found that several genes involved in cytokinin (CTK), ethylene (ETH), brassionolide (BR), and jasmonic acid (JA) metabolism and signaling transduction were differentially expressed and integrated in pear seed dormancy release. In accordance with changes in starch and soluble sugar contents, the genes associated with starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly up-regulated during seed dormancy release progression. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism pathways were also up-regulated. Finally, 447 transcription factor (TF) genes (including ERF, bHLH, bZIP, NAC, WRKY, and MYB genes) were observed to be differentially expressed during seed cold stratification and might relate to pear seed dormancy release. Our results suggest that the mechanism underlying pear seed dormancy release is a complex, transcriptionally regulated process involving hormones, sugars, lipids, and TFs.

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Seed dormancy release accelerated by elevated partial pressure of oxygen is associated with DOG loci.

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Seed dormancy release accelerated by elevated partial pressure of oxygen is associated with DOG loci.

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