Dataset Information

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two pasture feeding systems-perennial ryegrass (GRS) and perennial ryegrass and white clover (CLV)-and an indoor total mixed ration (TMR) system on the (a) rumen microbiome; (b) rumen fluid and milk metabolome; and (c) to assess the potential to distinguish milk from different feeding systems by their respective metabolomes. Rumen fluid was collected from nine rumen cannulated cows under the different feeding systems in early, mid and late lactation, and raw milk samples were collected from ten non-cannulated cows in mid-lactation from each of the feeding systems. The microbiota present in rumen liquid and solid portions were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while ¹H-NMR untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on rumen fluid and raw milk samples. The rumen microbiota composition was not found to be significantly altered by any feeding system in this study, likely as a result of a shortened adaptation period (two weeks' exposure time). In contrast, feeding system had a significant effect on both the rumen and milk metabolome. Increased concentrations of volatile fatty acids including acetic acid, an important source of energy for the cow, were detected in the rumen of TMR and CLV-fed cows. Pasture feeding resulted in significantly higher concentrations of isoacids in the rumen. The ruminal fluids of both CLV and GRS-fed cows were found to have increased concentrations of p-cresol, a product of microbiome metabolism. CLV feeding resulted in increased rumen concentrations of formate, a substrate compound for methanogenesis. The TMR feeding resulted in significantly higher rumen choline content, which contributes to animal health and milk production, and succinate, a product of carbohydrate metabolism. Milk and rumen-fluids were shown to have varying levels of dimethyl sulfone in each feeding system, which was found to be an important compound for distinguishing between the diets. CLV feeding resulted in increased concentrations of milk urea. Milk from pasture-based feeding systems was shown to have significantly higher concentrations of hippuric acid, a potential biomarker of pasture-derived milk. This study has demonstrated that ¹H-NMR metabolomics coupled with multivariate analysis is capable of distinguishing both rumen-fluid and milk derived from cows on different feeding systems, specifically between indoor TMR and pasture-based diets used in this study.

SUBMITTER: O'Callaghan TF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6027121 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome.

O'Callaghan Tom F TF Vázquez-Fresno Rosa R Serra-Cayuela Arnau A Dong Edison E Mandal Rupasri R Hennessy Deirdre D McAuliffe Stephen S Dillon Pat P Wishart David S DS Stanton Catherine C Ross R Paul RP

Metabolites 20180406 2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two pasture feeding systems-perennial ryegrass (GRS) and perennial ryegrass and white clover (CLV)-and an indoor total mixed ration (TMR) system on the (a) rumen microbiome; (b) rumen fluid and milk metabolome; and (c) to assess the potential to distinguish milk from different feeding systems by their respective metabolomes. Rumen fluid was collected from nine rumen cannulated cows under the different feeding systems in early, mid and late ...[more]

PMID: 29642378

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Project description:Recently, it has been discovered that certain dairy buffaloes can produce higher milk yield and milk fat yield under the same feeding management conditions, which is a potential new trait. It is unknown to what extent, the rumen microbiome and its metabolites, as well as the host metabolism, contribute to milk yield and milk fat yield. Therefore, we will analyze the rumen microbiome and host-level potential regulatory mechanisms on milk yield and milk fat yield through rumen metagenomics, rumen metabolomics, and serum metabolomics experiments. Microbial metagenomics analysis revealed a significantly higher abundance of several species in the rumen of high-yield dairy buffaloes, which mainly belonged to genera, such as Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, Barnesiella, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, and Bacteroides. These species contribute to the degradation of diets and improve functions related to fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the rumen of high-yield dairy buffaloes exhibited a lower abundance of methanogenic bacteria and functions, which may produce less methane. Rumen metabolome analysis showed that high-yield dairy buffaloes had significantly higher concentrations of metabolites, including lipids, carbohydrates, and organic acids, as well as volatile fatty acids (VFAs), such as acetic acid and butyric acid. Meanwhile, several Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, Barnesiella, and Bacteroides species were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. Serum metabolome analysis showed that high-yield dairy buffaloes had significantly higher concentrations of metabolites, mainly lipids and organic acids. Meanwhile, several Prevotella, Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, and Butyrivibrio species were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. The combined analysis showed that several species were present, including Prevotella.sp.CAG1031, Prevotella.sp.HUN102, Prevotella.sp.KHD1, Prevotella.phocaeensis, Butyrivibrio.sp.AE3009, Barnesiella.sp.An22, Bacteroides.sp.CAG927, and Bacteroidales.bacterium.52-46, which may play a crucial role in rumen and host lipid metabolism, contributing to milk yield and milk fat yield. The "omics-explainability" analysis revealed that the rumen microbial composition, functions, metabolites, and serum metabolites contributed 34.04, 47.13, 39.09, and 50.14%, respectively, to milk yield and milk fat yield. These findings demonstrate how the rumen microbiota and host jointly affect milk production traits in dairy buffaloes. This information is essential for developing targeted feeding management strategies to improve the quality and yield of buffalo milk.

Dataset Information

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome.

Publications

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome.

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