Dataset Information

In vitro activity of fosfomycin against Campylobacter isolates from poultry and wild birds.

ABSTRACT: Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with the activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis. Given the potential therapeutic efficacy of fosfomycin against Campylobacter spp., the aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro fosfomycin susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates from avian sources including poultry and wild birds. A total of eight (1.8%) strains of Campylobacter including five C. jejuni strains isolated from ducks and three C. coli strains isolated from chickens and duck showed resistance to fosfomycin, with MICs ranging from 64 to ? 256 ?g/mL. The extent of fosfomycin resistance was 0%, 0.9% and 3.9% in wild birds, chicken and ducks respectively. The MIC50, MIC90, and MIC100 values were 8, 32, and 32 ?g/mL respectively in wild bird, 32, 32, and 64 ?g/mL respectively in chicken, and 32, 32, and ? 256 ?g/mL respectively in ducks. All eight fosfomycin-resistant Campylobacter strains were multidrug resistant; six were also resistant to fluoroquinolones, ampicillin, and tetracycline, and two were also resistant to fluoroquinolones, ampicillin, tetracycline, and macrolides. However, the fosfomycin resistance gene fosXCC was not detected in the eight fosfomycin-resistant strains. Because food animals can harbor fosfomycin-resistant Campylobacter and transmit them to humans, greater efforts are needed to monitor the prevalence of fosfomycin resistance in Campylobacter strains isolated from such animals.

SUBMITTER: Wei B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6049934 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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In vitro activity of fosfomycin against Campylobacter isolates from poultry and wild birds.

Wei Bai B Kang Min M

PloS one 20180717 7

Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with the activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis. Given the potential therapeutic efficacy of fosfomycin against Campylobacter spp., the aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro fosfomycin susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates from avian sources including poultry and wild birds. A total of eight (1.8%) strains of Campylobacter including five C. jejuni strains isolate ...[more]

PMID: 30016352

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Project description:Campylobacter jejuni, a common foodborne zoonotic pathogen, causes gastroenteritis worldwide and is increasingly resistant to antibiotics. We aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genotypes of C. jejuni isolated from humans, poultry and birds from wild and urban Italian habitats to identify correlations between phenotypic and genotypic AMR in the isolates. Altogether, 644 C. jejuni isolates from humans (51), poultry (526) and wild- and urban-habitat birds (67) were analysed. The resistance phenotypes of the isolates were determined using the microdilution method with EUCAST breakpoints, and AMR-associated genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained from a publicly available database. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that C. jejuni isolates from poultry and humans were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (85.55% and 76.47%, respectively), nalidixic acid (75.48% and 74.51%, respectively) and tetracycline (67.87% and 49.02%, respectively). Fewer isolates from the wild- and urban-habitat birds were resistant to tetracycline (19.40%), fluoroquinolones (13.43%), and quinolone and streptomycin (10.45%). We retrieved seven AMR genes (tet (O), cmeA, cmeB, cmeC, cmeR, blaOXA-61 and blaOXA-184) and gyrA-associated point mutations. Two major B-lactam genes called blaOXA-61 and blaOXA-184 were prevalent at 62.93% and 82.08% in the poultry and the other bird groups, respectively. Strong correlations between genotypic and phenotypic resistance were found for fluoroquinolones and tetracycline. Compared with the farmed chickens, the incidence of AMR in the C. jejuni isolates from the other bird groups was low, confirming that the food-production birds are much more exposed to antimicrobials. The improper and overuse of antibiotics in the human population and in animal husbandry has resulted in an increase in antibiotic-resistant infections, particularly fluoroquinolone resistant ones. Better understanding of the AMR mechanisms in C. jejuni is necessary to develop new strategies for improving AMR programs and provide the most appropriate therapies to human and veterinary populations.

Project description:This research aimed to assess the biofilm formation ability of Campylobacter strains under temperature and oxygen stress conditions, similar to those found in the industrial environment, to explain the persistence of this pathogen on the poultry slaughter line. A collection of C. jejuni and C. coli isolates (n = 143) obtained from poultry samples (cecal content and neck skin), collected at slaughterhouse level, from diverse flocks, on different working days, was genotyped by flaA-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing method. A clustering analysis resulted in the assignment of 10 main clusters, from which 15 strains with different flaA-RFLP genotypes were selected for the assessment of biofilm formation ability and antimicrobial susceptibility. Biofilm assays, performed by crystal violet staining method, were conducted with the goal of mimicking some conditions present at the slaughterhouse environment, based on temperature, atmosphere, and contamination levels. Results indicated that many C. jejuni strains with similar flaA-RFLP profiles were present at the slaughterhouse on different processing days. All the strains tested (n = 15) were multidrug-resistant except for one. Biofilm formation ability was strain-dependent, and it appeared to have been affected by inoculum concentration, temperature, and tolerance to oxygen levels. At 10°C, adherence levels were significantly lower than at 42°C. Under microaerobic and aerobic atmospheres, at 42°C, 3 strains (C. jejuni 46E, C. jejuni 61C, and C. coli 65B) stood out, exhibiting significant levels of biofilm formation. C. jejuni strains 46E and 61C were inserted in clusters with evidence of persistence at the slaughterhouse for a long period of time. This study demonstrated that Campylobacter strains from broilers are capable of forming biofilms under conditions resembling the slaughterhouse environment. These results should be seen as a cue to improve the programs of hygiene implemented, particularly in those zones that can promote biofilm formation.

Dataset Information

In vitro activity of fosfomycin against Campylobacter isolates from poultry and wild birds.

Publications

In vitro activity of fosfomycin against Campylobacter isolates from poultry and wild birds.

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