Dataset Information

Tear eicosanoids in healthy people and ocular surface disease.

ABSTRACT: Meibomian gland (MG) dysfunction is the leading cause of evaporative dry eye and it leads to inflammation of the ocular surface. Eicosanoids may be involved in inflammation of dry eye. This study aimed to profile tear eicosanoid levels in healthy individuals and those with MG dysfunction, and to examine if these levels are associated with clinical factors and expressibility of MG. Forty participants with MG dysfunction and 30 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Clinical signs of MG dysfunction were assessed, and tear lactoferrin concentration was evaluated. Tear eicosanoids were extracted from Schirmer's strips and analyzed using mass spectrometry. We were able to quantify 38 tear eicosanoids and levels were increased in older individuals. In participants with MG dysfunction, higher 5-HETE, LTB₄, 18-HEPE, 12-HEPE and 14-HDoHE were associated with poorer MG expressibility. The eicosanoids PGF_2?, 18-HEPE, 20-HDoHE and 17-HDoHE were elevated with increased corneal staining; higher 5-HETE, LTB₄ were associated with lower tear lactoferrin levels. The receiver-operating-characteristics analysis shows higher levels of 5-HETE, LTB₄ and 18-HEPE were able to predict poor expressibility of MGs. In conclusion, tear eicosanoid levels are age-dependent and specific eicosanoids may be indicators of clinical obstruction of MG or the severity of ocular surface damage.

SUBMITTER: Ambaw YA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6062525 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tear eicosanoids in healthy people and ocular surface disease.

Ambaw Yohannes Abere YA Chao Cecilia C Ji Shanshan S Raida Manfred M Torta Federico F Wenk Markus R MR Tong Louis L

Scientific reports 20180726 1

Meibomian gland (MG) dysfunction is the leading cause of evaporative dry eye and it leads to inflammation of the ocular surface. Eicosanoids may be involved in inflammation of dry eye. This study aimed to profile tear eicosanoid levels in healthy individuals and those with MG dysfunction, and to examine if these levels are associated with clinical factors and expressibility of MG. Forty participants with MG dysfunction and 30 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Clinical signs of MG dy ...[more]

PMID: 30050044

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Project description:PurposeTo investigate the changes in the tear cytokine profile of patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) treated with eyelid warming and to correlate these changes with clinical parameters for dry eye disease (DED).MethodsSeventy patients with MGD were included and treated with the warming of eyelids. Of these, 61 still used the treatment three months after baseline, while 48 completed the whole treatment period of six months. The concentrations of 39 cytokines in the tear fluid were measured at baseline and after three and six months of treatment. All participants were examined with tests for DED, including tear film break-up time (TBUT), ocular surface staining (OSS), and the self-reporting Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Changes in cytokine concentrations were assessed from baseline to three months, from three to six months, and from baseline to six months. Correlation analyses were performed between changes in the cytokine concentrations and changes in TBUT, OSS, and OSDI during the same time intervals.ResultsNo significant changes were found in the concentrations of the 39 cytokines during any of the three treatment intervals. However, several correlations were detected between changes in the level of cytokines and OSS from baseline to three months of treatment. Decreasing concentrations of granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2/CXCL6, mean effect 2.36, p=0.042), interleukin 10 (IL-10, mean effect 1.04, p=0.045), and IL-16 (mean effect 1.36, p=0.035) were associated with decreasing OSS. Decreasing concentrations of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, mean effect -2.98, p=0.024), IL-8 (IL-8/CXCL8, mean effect -1.35, p=0.026), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF, mean effect -2.44, p=0.033) were related to increasing OSS.ConclusionsWarming of eyelids did not change the concentration of cytokines in the tear fluid of patients with MGD significantly. However, alterations in the level of several cytokines were associated with changes in the OSS. This finding indicates a close connection between tear cytokines and OSS in MGD patients treated with eyelid warming.

Project description:PurposeTo investigate the influences of smartphone use on ocular symptoms, status of the tear film, and oxidative stress indices in the tears and at the ocular surface.MethodsEighty healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Subjective symptoms and asthenopia were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and computer vision syndrome (CVS) score before and after smartphone or computer display (control) use. The status of the tear film was evaluated using fluorescein film break-up time (FBUT), non-invasive keratograph break up time (NIKBUT), Schirmer score, keratoepitheliopathy (KEP), and tear meniscus height (TMH). Oxidative stress markers in the tear film including hexanoyl lysine (HEL), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the tear film were measured using ELISA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the ocular surface were measured through 2',7'-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein diacetate. All measurements were conducted at baseline, and after use for 1 and 4 h.ResultsAll parameters showed no significant group-wise differences at baseline. Scores of OSDI, VAS, fatigue, burning sensation, and dryness showed significant increases after 1 and 4 h of smartphone use compared with those at baseline (all P < 0.05). The smartphone group showed higher OSDI, fatigue, burning, and dryness scores than the control group at 4 h. Smartphone use showed significantly decreased FBUT and NIBUT at 4 h than those at baseline (P < 0.01). In the smartphone group, the concentration of HEL significantly increased at 4 h compared with that at baseline and 1 h (P < 0.01). Both groups showed increased ROS with higher value in the smartphone group versus the control group at 4 h (P < 0.01).ConclusionsSmartphone use could not only aggravate subjective symptom indices such as the OSDI, VAS, and CVS but also induce tear film instability and oxidative stress indices in the tears and at the ocular surface.

Dataset Information

Tear eicosanoids in healthy people and ocular surface disease.

Publications

Tear eicosanoids in healthy people and ocular surface disease.

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