Luteal phase anovulatory follicles result in the production of competent oocytes: intra-patient paired case-control study comparing follicular versus luteal phase stimulations in the same ovarian cycle.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Cimadomo D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6070116 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Ovulation consists of a follicle's rupture and subsequent oocyte extrusion, although there is a paucity of evidence regarding whether every follicle's rupture is associated with extrusion of its oocyte. We examined this issue in a large-scale window-of-opportunity study by attempting aspiration of single dominant follicles that were found to have ruptured before a scheduled oocyte retrieval during in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer treatment of infertile women. We were able to aspirate 587 of 1,071 ultrasonographically confirmed post-rupture dominant follicles from 1,071 women (i.e. one dominant follicle per woman) and retrieved 225 oocytes (oocyte recovery ratio: 43.4% of aspirated follicles), which yielded 28 live births (live birth ratio: 11.0% of retrieved oocytes). Interestingly, the live birth ratio for post-rupture dominant follicles was not statistically different from that achieved using regular pre-rupture aspiration of dominant follicles (1,085/8,977, 12.1%). These findings suggest that oocyte extrusion frequently does not occur after follicle rupture in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilisation treatment, although the oocyte retained in the follicle can remain competent for use during that treatment.
| S-EPMC6803670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction: Several authors have linked subclinical ovulatory disturbances in normal length menstrual cycles to premenopausal fracture risk and bone changes. This study systematically examined the influence of ovulation and anovulation on the bone metabolism of premenopausal women. Participants and Methods: In 176 cycles in healthy premenopausal women, FSH, 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) as well as bone alkalic phosphatase (BAP), pyridinoline (PYD) and C-terminal crosslinks (CTX) were measured during the follicular and during the luteal phase. The probability and timing of ovulation was self-assessed by a monitoring device. In addition, bone density of the lumbar spine was measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) at baseline and at the end of the study. Analysis was restricted to blood samples taken more than three days before the following menstruation. Results: 118 cycles out of the 176 collected cycles were complete with blood samples taken within the correct time interval. Of these, 56.8 % were ovulatory by two criteria (ovulation symbol shown on the monitor display and LP progesterone > 6 ng/ml), 33.1 % were possibly ovulatory by one criterion (ovulation symbol shown on the monitor display or LP progesterone > 6 ng/ml), and 10.2 % were anovulatory by both criteria). Ovulation in the previous cycle and in the same cycle did not significantly influence the mean absolute concentrations of the bone markers. However, bone formation (BAP) was higher in the luteal phase of ovulatory cycles than in anovulatory cycles (n. s.) and the relative changes within one cycle were significantly different for bone resorption (CTX) during ovulatory vs. anovulatory cycles (p < 0.01). In 68 pairs of cycles following each other directly, both ovulation in the previous cycle and ovulation in the present cycle influenced CTX, but not the differences of other bone markers. Conclusion: Ovulatory cycles reduce bone resorption in their luteal phase and that of the following cycle. The interaction between ovulation and bone metabolism is complex. Since anovulation may occur in low estrogen states such as pre-anorexic dietary restraint, as well as with high estrogenic circumstances e.g. from functional perimenopausal ovarian cysts, the association with bone changes has been variable in the literature. Accumulating physiological and clinical evidence however point towards a role for ovulation in enhancing bone formation and limiting bone resorption.
| S-EPMC4686368 | biostudies-other
Project description:To determine whether conditional depletion of progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and PGRMC2 affected ovarian follicle development, follicle distribution was assessed in ovaries of young (≈3-month-old) and middle-aged (≈6-month-old) control (Pgrmc1/2fl/fl) and double conditional PGRMC1/2-knockout (Pgrmc1/2d/d) mice. This study revealed that the distribution of primary, preantral and antral follicles was not altered in Pgrmc1/2d/d mice, regardless of the age. Although the number of primordial follicles was similar at ≈3 months of age, their numbers were reduced by ≈80% in 6-month-old Pgrmc1/2d/d mice compared to age-matched Pgrmc1/2fl/fl mice. The Pgrmc1/2d/d mice were generated using Pgr-cre mice, so ablation of Pgrmc1 and Pgrmc2 in the ovary was restricted to peri-ovulatory follicles and subsequent corpora lutea (CL). In addition, the vascularization of CL was attenuated in Pgrmc1/2d/d mice, although mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) were elevated. Moreover, depletion of Pgrmc1 and Pgrmc2 altered the gene expression profile in the non-luteal component of the ovary such that Vegfa expression, a stimulator of primordial follicle growth, was elevated; Kit Ligand expression, another stimulator of primordial follicle growth, was suppressed and anti-Mullerian hormone, an inhibitor of primordial follicle growth, was enhanced compared to Pgrmc1/2fl/fl mice. These data reveal that luteal cell depletion of Pgrmc1 and 2 alters the expression of growth factors within the non-luteal component of the ovary, which could account for the premature demise of the adult population of primordial follicles. In summary, the survival of adult primordial follicles is dependent in part on progesterone receptor membrane component 1 and 2.
| S-EPMC6348134 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The nucleolus undergoes significant functional changes and plays important roles during mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation. Fibrillarin (FBL) is the component of nucleolar small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particle and localizes to the dense fibrillar component (DFC) of the nucleolus. We found that FBL-GFP displays an uneven and cloudy localization in the nucleolus of non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) oocytes, while it distributes evenly and to a few bright dots in the surrounded nucleolus (SN) oocytes. Accordingly, NSN oocytes showed active nascent RNA transcription, while the SN group was transcriptionally quiescent. NSN geminal vesicles also contained more DNA damage marker γH2AX foci. Based on different FBL-GFP patterns in live oocytes, the ones with superior meiotic maturation potential can be identified. Global transcriptome profiling revealed a significant difference in single SN and NSN oocytes. Thus, FBL-GFP can serve as a marker for nucleolus activity, which also correlates with transcription activity and the quality of oocytes.
| S-EPMC8082495 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study aimed to investigate the miRNA expression patterns in granulosa cells of subordinate (SF) and dominant follicle (DF) during the early luteal phase of the bovine estrous cycle. For this, miRNA enriched total RNA isolated from granulosa cells of SF and DF obtained from heifers slaughtered at day 3 and day 7 of the estrous cycle was used for miRNAs deep sequencing. The results revealed that including 17 candidate novel miRNAs, several known miRNAs (n = 291-318) were detected in SF and DF at days 3 and 7 of the estrous cycle of which 244 miRNAs were common to all follicle groups. The let-7 families, bta-miR-10b, bta-miR-26a, bta-miR-99b and bta-miR-27b were among abundantly expressed miRNAs in both SF and DF at both days of the estrous cycle. Further analysis revealed that the expression patterns of 16 miRNAs including bta-miR-449a, bta-miR-449c and bta-miR-222 were differentially expressed between the granulosa cells of SF and DF at day 3 of the estrous cycle. However, at day 7 of the estrous cycle, 108 miRNAs including bta-miR-409a, bta-miR-383 and bta-miR-184 were differentially expressed between the two groups of granulosa cell revealing the presence of distinct miRNA expression profile changes between the two follicular stages at day 7 than day 3 of the estrous cycle. In addition, unlike the SF, marked temporal miRNA expression dynamics was observed in DF groups between day 3 and 7 of the estrous cycle. Target gene prediction and pathway analysis revealed that major signaling associated with follicular development including Wnt signaling, TGF-beta signaling, oocyte meiosis and GnRH signaling were affected by differentially expressed miRNAs. Thus, this study highlights the miRNA expression patterns of granulosa cells in subordinate and dominant follicles that could be associated with follicular recruitment, selection and dominance during the early luteal phase of the bovine estrous cycle.
| S-EPMC4156418 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cell state determination is apparent within the endometrium during the mid-luteal window of implantation. Using previously identified biomarkers of cell states (SCARA5 and DIO2) we performed bulk RNA sequencing on 6 pairs of endometrial biopsies characterised by either normal biomarker expression in both biopsies, or abnormal biomarker expression in one biopsy (low SCARA5 and high DIO2) and normal expression in a second biopsy. We demonstrate that “abnormal cycles” are associated with a distinct gene expression profile when compared to “normal cycles” and have utilised this dataset for biomarker discovery.
2024-10-21 | GSE245963 | GEO
Project description:This study is to investigate whether astaxanthin could alleviate the oxidative stress damages of follicles induced by BPA and improve the development of the cultured follicles and oocytes. Compared with BPA group, the survival rate, antrum formation rate, oocyte maturation rate and adherence area of the D8 and D10 follicles of the BPA+Asta group were significantly higher. The estrogen and progesterone in the culture medium of BPA+Asta group were significantly higher. PCNA in D8 and D10 granulosa cells and ERα in D10 granulosa cells of follicles in BPA+Asta group were significantly higher. The levels of malondialdehyde in the follicle culture medium, levels of ROS in the oocytes, the expression levels of caspase 3 and cathepsin B in the oocytes of the BPA+Asta group were significantly lower. However, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expression levels of antioxidant genes (CAT, SOD1 and SOD2) and anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 in the oocytes in the BPA+Asta group were significantly higher. Astaxanthin improves the development of follicles and oocytes through increasing the antioxidant capacity of follicles and oocytes, and relieving the BPA-induced oxidative stress during follicular development and oocyte maturation.
| S-EPMC9098901 | biostudies-literature
Project description:For monitoring of human cellular response to repetitive bacterial stimulations (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a lysate form), we devised a chemiluminescent immuno-analytical system for toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) as marker present on cell surfaces (e.g., A549). Upon stimulation, TLR1 recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns of the infectious agent and are then up-regulated via activation of the nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) pathway. In this study, the receptor density was quantified by employing an antibody specific to the target receptor and by producing a chemiluminometric signal from an enzyme labeled to the binder. The activated status was then switched back to normal down-regulated stage, by changing the culture medium to one containing animal serum. The major factors affecting activation were the stimulation dose of the bacterial lysate, stimulation timing during starvation, and up- and down-regulation time intervals. Reiterative TLR regulation switching up to three times was not affected by either antibody remained after immunoassay or enzyme substrate (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) in solution. This immuno-analysis for TLRs could be unique to acquire accumulated response of the human cells to repeated stimulations and, therefore, can eventually apply to persistency testing of the cellular regulation in screening of anti-inflammatory substances.
| S-EPMC4127502 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Assisted reproductive technologies allow to utilize a limited number of fully grown oocytes despite the presence in the ovary of a large pool of meiotically incompetent gametes potentially able to produce live births. In vitro folliculogenesis could be useful to recruit these oocytes by promoting their growth and differentiation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In vitro folliculogenesis was performed starting from sheep preantral (PA) follicles to evaluate oocyte nuclear/epigenetic maturation. Chromatin configuration, quantification of global DNA methylation, and epigenetic remodelling enzymes were evaluated with immunocytochemistry, telomere elongation was assessed with the Q-FISH technique, while the DNA methylation status at the DMRs of maternally IGF2R and BEGAIN, and paternally H19 methylated imprinted genes was determined by bisulfite sequencing and COBRA. Specifically, 70% of PA underwent early antrum (EA) differentiation and supported in culture oocyte global DNA methylation, telomere elongation, TERT and Dnmt3a redistribution thus mimicking the physiological events that involve the oocyte during the transition from secondary to tertiary follicle. Dnmt1 anticipated cytoplasmic translocation in in vitro grown oocytes did not impair global and single gene DNA methylation. Indeed, the in vitro grown oocytes acquired a methylation profile of IGF2R and BEGAIN compatible with the follicle/oocyte stage reached, and maintained an unmethylated status of H19. In addition, the percentage of oocytes displaying a condensed chromatin configuration resulted lower in in vitro grown oocytes, however, their ability to undergo meiosis and early embryo development after IVF and parthenogenetic activation was similar to that recorded in EA follicle in vivo grown oocytes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In conclusion, the in vitro folliculogenesis was able to support the intracellular/nuclear mechanisms leading the oocytes to acquire a meiotic and developmental competence. Thus, the in vitro culture may increase the availability of fertilizable oocytes in sheep, and become an in vitro translational model to investigate the mechanisms governing nuclear/epigenetic oocyte maturation.
| S-EPMC3221676 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Balbiani body or mitochondrial cloud is a large distinctive organelle aggregate found in developing oocytes of many species, but its presence in the mouse has been controversial. Using confocal and electron microscopy, we report that a Balbiani body does arise in mouse neonatal germline cysts and oocytes of primordial follicles but disperses as follicles begin to grow. The mouse Balbiani body contains a core of Golgi elements surrounded by mitochondria and associated endoplasmic reticulum. Because of their stage specificity and perinuclear rather than spherical distribution, these clustered Balbiani body mitochondria may have been missed previously. The Balbiani body also contains Trailer hitch, a widely conserved member of a protein complex that associates with endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi-like vesicles and transports specific RNAs during Drosophila oogenesis. Our results provide evidence that mouse oocytes develop using molecular and developmental mechanisms widely conserved throughout the animal kingdom.
| S-EPMC1765432 | biostudies-literature