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High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon.

ABSTRACT: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite virus of hepatitis B virus (HBV), infects an estimated 15-20 million people worldwide and confers a greater risk for accelerated progression to liver disease. However, limited HDV surveillance data are available in sub-Saharan Africa where HDV diversity is high. To determine the prevalence and diversity of HDV in Cameroon, serological and molecular characterization was performed on 1928 HBsAg positive specimens selected from retrospective viral surveillance studies conducted in Cameroon from 2010-2016. Samples were screened for HDV antibodies on the Abbott ARCHITECT instrument and for HDV RNA on the Abbott m2000 instrument by research assays. HDV positive specimens with sufficient viral load were selected for genomic sequencing. The seroprevalence of HDV in HBsAg positive samples from Cameroon was 46.73% [95% CI; 44.51-48.96%], with prevalence of active HDV infection being 34.2% [95% CI; 32.09-36.41%]. HDV genotypes 1, 6, 7 and 8 were identified amongst N?=?211 sequences, including N?=?145 genomes. HDV prevalence is high within the study cohort, indicating that a large portion of HBV infected individuals in Cameroon are at elevated risk for severe hepatitis and death. Collectively, these results emphasize the need for HBV vaccination and HDV testing in HBsAg positive patients in Cameroon.

SUBMITTER: Butler EK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6072717 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon.

Butler Emily K EK Rodgers Mary A MA Coller Kelly E KE Barnaby Devin D Krilich Elizabeth E Olivo Ana A Cassidy Michael M Mbanya Dora D Kaptue Lazare L Ndembi Nicaise N Cloherty Gavin G

Scientific reports 20180802 1

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite virus of hepatitis B virus (HBV), infects an estimated 15-20 million people worldwide and confers a greater risk for accelerated progression to liver disease. However, limited HDV surveillance data are available in sub-Saharan Africa where HDV diversity is high. To determine the prevalence and diversity of HDV in Cameroon, serological and molecular characterization was performed on 1928 HBsAg positive specimens selected from retrospective viral surveillan ...[more]

PMID: 30072752

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Project description:Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) causes the most severe form of human viral hepatitis. HDV requires a hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection to provide HDV with HBV surface antigen envelope proteins. The net effect of HDV is to make the underlying HBV disease worse, including higher rates of hepatocellular carcinoma. Accurate assessments of current HDV prevalence have been hampered by the lack of readily available and reliable quantitative assays, combined with the absence of a Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy. We sought to develop a convenient assay for accurately screening populations and to use this assay to determine HDV prevalence in a population with abnormally high rates of hepatocellular carcinoma. We developed a high-throughput quantitative microarray antibody capture assay for anti-HDV immunoglobulin G wherein recombinant HDV delta antigen is printed by microarray on slides coated with a noncontinuous, nanostructured plasmonic gold film, enabling quantitative fluorescent detection of anti-HDV antibody in small aliquots of patient serum. This assay was then used to screen all HBV-infected patients identified in a large randomly selected cohort designed to represent the Mongolian population. We identified two quantitative thresholds of captured antibody that were 100% predictive of the sample either being positive on standard western blot or harboring HDV RNA detectable by real-time quantitative PCR. Subsequent screening of the HBV+ cohort revealed that a remarkable 57% were RNA+ and an additional 4% were positive on western blot alone.ConclusionThe quantitative microarray antibody capture assay's unique performance characteristics make it ideal for population screening; its application to the Mongolian HBV surface antigen-positive population reveals an apparent ∼60% prevalence of HDV coinfection among these HBV-infected Mongolian subjects, which may help explain the extraordinarily high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in Mongolia. (Hepatology 2017;66:1739-1749).

Dataset Information

High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon.

Publications

High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon.

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