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Whole blood omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are inversely associated with blood pressure in young, healthy adults.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Omega-3 fatty acids (n?-?3 FA) may have blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects in untreated hypertensive and elderly patients. The effect of n?-?3 FA on BP in young, healthy adults remains unknown. The Omega-3 Index reliably reflects an individuals' omega-3 status. We hypothesized that the Omega-3 Index is inversely associated with BP levels in young healthy adults. METHODS:The current study (n?=?2036) is a cross-sectional study investigating the baseline characteristics of a cohort, which includes healthy adults, age 25-41 years. Individuals with cardiovascular disease, known diabetes or a BMI higher than 35?kg/m were excluded. The Omega-3 Index was determined in whole blood using gas chromatography. Association with office and 24-h BP was assessed using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS:Median Omega-3 Index was 4.58% (interquartile range 4.08; 5.25). Compared with individuals in the lowest Omega-3 Index quartile, individuals in the highest had a SBP and DBP that was 4 and 2?mmHg lower, respectively (P?

SUBMITTER: Filipovic MG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6085127 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Whole blood omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are inversely associated with blood pressure in young, healthy adults.

Filipovic Mark G MG Aeschbacher Stefanie S Reiner Martin F MF Stivala Simona S Gobbato Sara S Bonetti Nicole N Risch Martin M Risch Lorenz L Camici Giovanni G GG Luescher Thomas F TF von Schacky Clemens C Conen David D Beer Juerg H JH

Journal of hypertension 20180701 7

<h4>Background</h4>Omega-3 fatty acids (n - 3 FA) may have blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects in untreated hypertensive and elderly patients. The effect of n - 3 FA on BP in young, healthy adults remains unknown. The Omega-3 Index reliably reflects an individuals' omega-3 status. We hypothesized that the Omega-3 Index is inversely associated with BP levels in young healthy adults.<h4>Methods</h4>The current study (n = 2036) is a cross-sectional study investigating the baseline characteristics ...[more]

PMID: 29570511

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Project description:BackgroundThe intestinal microbiome is an important determinant of inflammatory balance in the colon that may affect response to dietary agents.ObjectiveThis is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial, the Fish Oil Study, to determine whether interindividual differences in colonic bacteria are associated with variability in the reduction of colonic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations after personalized supplementation with ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids.MethodsForty-seven healthy adults (17 men, 30 women, ages 26-75 y) provided biopsy samples of colonic mucosa and luminal stool brushings before and after personalized ω-3 fatty acid supplementation that was based on blood fatty acid responses. Samples were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The data analyses focused on changes in bacterial community diversity. Linear regression was used to evaluate factors that predict a reduction in colonic PGE2.ResultsAt baseline, increased bacterial diversity, as measured by the Shannon and Inverse Simpson indexes in both biopsy and luminal brushing samples, was positively correlated with dietary fiber intakes and negatively correlated with fat intakes. Dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids increased the Yue and Clayton community dis-similarity index between the microbiome in luminal brushings and colon biopsy samples post-supplementation (P = 0.015). In addition, there was a small group of individuals with relatively high Prevotella abundance who were resistant to the anti-inflammatory effects of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation. In linear regression analyses, increases in diversity of the bacteria in the luminal brushing samples, but not in the biopsy samples, were significant predictors of lower colonic PGE2 concentrations post-supplementation in models that included baseline PGE2, baseline body mass index, and changes in colonic eicosapentaenoic acid-to-arachidonic acid ratios. The changes in bacterial diversity contributed to 6-8% of the interindividual variance in change in colonic PGE2 (P = 0.001).ConclusionsDietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids had little effect on intestinal bacteria in healthy humans; however, an increase in diversity in the luminal brushings significantly predicted reductions in colonic PGE2. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01860352.

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Whole blood omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are inversely associated with blood pressure in young, healthy adults.

Publications

Whole blood omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are inversely associated with blood pressure in young, healthy adults.

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