Phagocytosis-mediated M1 activation by chitin but not by chitosan.

ABSTRACT: Chitin particles have been used to understand host response to chitin-containing pathogens and allergens and are known to induce a wide range of polarized macrophage activations, depending, at least in part, on particle size. Nonphagocytosable particles larger than a macrophage induce tissue repair M2 activation. In contrast, phagocytosable chitin microparticles (CMPs, 1-10 μm diameters) induce M1 macrophages that kill intracellular microbes and damage tissues. However, chitosan (deacetylated) microparticles (de-CMPs, 1-10 µm) induce poor M1 activation. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and associated coreceptors in macrophages appear to be required for the M1 activation. To understand the exact mechanism of phagocytosis-mediated M1 activation by chitin, we isolated macrophage proteins that bind

SUBMITTER: Davis S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6087726 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature