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Roles of 2-oxoglutarate oxygenases and isopenicillin N synthase in ?-lactam biosynthesis.

ABSTRACT: Covering: up to 2017 2-Oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenases and the homologous oxidase isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) play crucial roles in the biosynthesis of ?-lactam ring containing natural products. IPNS catalyses formation of the bicyclic penicillin nucleus from a tripeptide. 2OG oxygenases catalyse reactions that diversify the chemistry of ?-lactams formed by both IPNS and non-oxidative enzymes. Reactions catalysed by the 2OG oxygenases of ?-lactam biosynthesis not only involve their typical hydroxylation reactions, but also desaturation, epimerisation, rearrangement, and ring-forming reactions. Some of the enzymes involved in ?-lactam biosynthesis exhibit remarkable substrate and product selectivities. We review the roles of 2OG oxygenases and IPNS in ?-lactam biosynthesis, highlighting opportunities for application of knowledge of their roles, structures, and mechanisms.

SUBMITTER: Rabe P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6097109 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Roles of 2-oxoglutarate oxygenases and isopenicillin N synthase in β-lactam biosynthesis.

Rabe Patrick P Kamps Jos J A G JJAG Schofield Christopher J CJ Lohans Christopher T CT

Natural product reports 20180801 8

Covering: up to 2017 2-Oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenases and the homologous oxidase isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) play crucial roles in the biosynthesis of β-lactam ring containing natural products. IPNS catalyses formation of the bicyclic penicillin nucleus from a tripeptide. 2OG oxygenases catalyse reactions that diversify the chemistry of β-lactams formed by both IPNS and non-oxidative enzymes. Reactions catalysed by the 2OG oxygenases of β-lactam biosynthesis not only involve their t ...[more]

PMID: 29808887

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