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Asymmetric Assembling of Iron Oxide Nanocubes for Improving Magnetic Hyperthermia Performance.

ABSTRACT: Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment. Particle clustering leading to complex magnetic interactions affects the heat generated by MNPs during MH. The heat efficiencies, theoretically predicted, are still poorly understood because of a lack of control of the fabrication of such clusters with defined geometries and thus their functionality. This study aims to correlate the heating efficiency under MH of individually coated iron oxide nanocubes (IONCs) versus soft colloidal nanoclusters made of small groupings of nanocubes arranged in different geometries. The controlled clustering of alkyl-stabilized IONCs is achieved here during the water transfer procedure by tuning the fraction of the amphiphilic copolymer, poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) cumene-terminated, to the nanoparticle surface. It is found that increasing the polymer-to-nanoparticle surface ratio leads to the formation of increasingly large nanoclusters with defined geometries. When compared to the individual nanocubes, we show here that controlled grouping of nanoparticles-so-called "dimers" and "trimers" composed of two and three nanocubes, respectively-increases specific absorption rate (SAR) values, while conversely, forming centrosymmetric clusters having more than four nanocubes leads to lower SAR values. Magnetization measurements and Monte Carlo-based simulations support the observed SAR trend and reveal the importance of the dipolar interaction effect and its dependence on the details of the particle arrangements within the different clusters.

SUBMITTER: Niculaes D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6097834 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Asymmetric Assembling of Iron Oxide Nanocubes for Improving Magnetic Hyperthermia Performance.

Niculaes Dina D Lak Aidin A Anyfantis George C GC Marras Sergio S Laslett Oliver O Avugadda Sahitya K SK Cassani Marco M Serantes David D Hovorka Ondrej O Chantrell Roy R Pellegrino Teresa T

ACS nano 20171212 12

Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment. Particle clustering leading to complex magnetic interactions affects the heat generated by MNPs during MH. The heat efficiencies, theoretically predicted, are still poorly understood because of a lack of control of the fabrication of such clusters with defined geometries and thus their functionality. This study aims to correlate the heating efficiency under MH of individually c ...[more]

PMID: 29155560

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Project description:Here, we report a nanoplatform based on iron oxide nanocubes (IONCs) coated with a bioresorbable polymer that, upon exposure to lytic enzymes, can be disassembled increasing the heat performances in comparison with the initial clusters. We have developed two-dimensional (2D) clusters by exploiting benchmark IONCs as heat mediators for magnetic hyperthermia and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer, a biodegradable polymer produced by bacteria that can be digested by intracellular esterase enzymes. The comparison of magnetic heat performance of the 2D assemblies with 3D centrosymmetrical assemblies or single IONCs emphasizes the benefit of the 2D assembly. Moreover, the heat losses of 2D assemblies dispersed in water are better than the 3D assemblies but worse than for single nanocubes. On the other hand, when the 2D magnetic beads (2D-MNBs) are incubated with the esterase enzyme at a physiological temperature, their magnetic heat performances began to progressively increase. After 2 h of incubation, specific absorption rate values of the 2D assembly double the ones of individually coated nanocubes. Such an increase can be mainly correlated to the splitting of the 2D-MNBs into smaller size clusters with a chain-like configuration containing few nanocubes. Moreover, 2D-MNBs exhibited nonvariable heat performances even after intentionally inducing their aggregation. Magnetophoresis measurements indicate a comparable response of 3D and 2D clusters to external magnets (0.3 T) that is by far faster than that of single nanocubes. This feature is crucial for a physical accumulation of magnetic materials in the presence of magnetic field gradients. This system is the first example of a nanoplatform that, upon exposure to lytic enzymes, such as those present in a tumor environment, can be disassembled from the initial 2D-MNB organization to chain-like assemblies with clear improvement of the heat magnetic losses resulting in better heat dissipation performances. The potential application of 2D nanoassemblies based on the cleavable PHAs for preserving their magnetic losses inside cells will benefit hyperthermia therapies mediated by magnetic nanoparticles under alternating magnetic fields.

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Asymmetric Assembling of Iron Oxide Nanocubes for Improving Magnetic Hyperthermia Performance.

Publications

Asymmetric Assembling of Iron Oxide Nanocubes for Improving Magnetic Hyperthermia Performance.

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