Dataset Information

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among five-year-old children: a multilevel analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Contextual factors may influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual determinants of OHRQoL based on the perceptions of children.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 769 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of northeast Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered questionnaires addressing psychological aspects, sociodemographic data and aspects of the child's oral health. The children answered the child version of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for five-year-old children and were submitted to oral examinations. Variables related to the context were obtained from the schools and official municipal publications. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate associations between variables.

Results

In the adjusted analysis, parent's/caregiver's schooling, household income, parent's/caregiver's age, a history of dental pain, dental caries and its consequences and traumatic dental injury were considered individual determinants of OHRQoL according to the children's self-reports. After the incorporation of the contextual determinants, the association between parent's/caregiver's schooling and OHRQoL lost its significance. Type of school was the context variable that remained associated with OHRQoL.

Discussion

Besides the clinical and sociodemographic individual characteristics, characteristics of the school environment in which the child studies are associated with self-reported impacts on OHRQoL.

SUBMITTER: Gomes MC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6119455 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among five-year-old children: a multilevel analysis.

Gomes Monalisa C MC Neves Érick T B ÉTB Perazzo Matheus F MF Paiva Saul M SM Ferreira Fernanda M FM Granville-Garcia Ana F AF

PeerJ 20180829

<h4>Background</h4>Contextual factors may influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual determinants of OHRQoL based on the perceptions of children.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 769 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of northeast Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered questionnaires a ...[more]

PMID: 30186681

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Project description:PURPOSE:Social determinants may influence health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among women with ovarian cancer, potentially creating disparities in clinical outcomes. We investigated the relationship between HRQOL and social determinants of health, including travel distance to access cancer care and health insurance type, among women participating in a randomized trial of primary adjuvant treatment for advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS:The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Ovarian (FACT-O) questionnaire captured HRQOL (physical well-being, functional well-being, ovarian-specific, and trial outcome index [TOI]) prior to chemotherapy (baseline), during the trial, and 84 weeks after initiation of chemotherapy for women with advanced epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. We constructed bivariate and multivariable linear mixed effects models examining the associations of social determinants of health (individual-level and contextual factors) with HRQOL scores at 84 weeks, clustering participants (n?=?993) within treatment centers, and Census regions and controlling for baseline HRQOL. RESULTS:Most individual-level (race, age, cancer stage, adverse events) and contextual (travel distance to treatment center, community socioeconomic status) factors were not statistically significantly associated with HRQOL. Compared to participants with private health insurance, other participants had lower mean HRQOL (physical well-being: public insurance, -?1.00 (standard error[SE]?=?0.49) points, uninsured, -?1.93 (SE?=?0.63) points; functional well-being: public, -?1.29 (SE?=?0.59), uninsured, -?1.98 (SE?=?0.76); ovarian cancer-specific: public, -?1.60 (SE?=?0.59), uninsured, -?1.66 (SE?=?0.75); TOI: public, -?3.81 (SE?=?1.46), uninsured, -?5.51 (SE?=?1.86); all p?<?.05). CONCLUSIONS:Private health insurance was associated with improved HRQOL at the completion of treatment for advanced stage ovarian cancer. Implications of health insurance on HRQOL should be further investigated, particularly among women with ovarian cancer who receive standard of care treatment.

Project description:Background There is a lack of evidence with regards to the association between both maternal and child dental anxiety and the mother’s perception of her child’s oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of maternal and child dental anxiety with COHRQoL and the effect of demographic factors as moderators in this relationship. In addition, the association between child’s dental caries experience and the COHRQoL was also assessed. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1150, 5–6 year-old preschool children in Selangor, Malaysia. Mothers answered a questionnaire on socio-economic status, the Malay-Modified Dental Anxiety Scale to assess maternal dental anxiety, and the Malay-Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale to assess COHRQoL. Child's dental anxiety was assessed using the Malay-Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale via a face-to-face interview prior to oral examination to assess dental caries. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling to assess the relationship between maternal and child dental anxiety and COHRQoL. Results Overall, complete data on 842 mother–child dyads were analysed. The mean scores of total ECOHIS, the child impacts section (CIS), and the family impacts section (FIS) were 17.7 (SD?=?4.9), 12.6 (SD?=?3.7), and 5.1 (SD?=?1.9), respectively. The mean dental anxiety scores for mothers and children were 11.8 (SD?=?4.5) and 16.9 (SD?=?4.3), respectively. Maternal dental anxiety was associated with the CIS (b?=?0.08, p?<?0.001), the FIS (b?=?0.01, p?=?0.001), and the total ECOHIS (b?=?0.14, p?<?0.001). Maternal education level, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type were moderators to the relationship. In addition, there was also a significant relationship between child’s dental caries experience and COHRQoL (p?<?0.001). Conclusions Maternal dental anxiety and child’s dental caries experience have significantly impacted the COHRQoL, the CIS, and the FIS domains. Demographic factors such as maternal education, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type acted as moderators that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between maternal dental anxiety and COHRQoL of 5–6-year-old preschool children.

Dataset Information

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among five-year-old children: a multilevel analysis.

Background

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among five-year-old children: a multilevel analysis.

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