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Attenuation of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration During Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involves Parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA-Mediated Induction and Release of Dickkopf-1.

ABSTRACT: Intestinal infection by Cryptosporidium is known to cause epithelial cell migration disorder but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Previous studies demonstrated that a panel of parasite RNA transcripts of low protein-coding potential are delivered into infected epithelial cells. Using multiple models of intestinal cryptosporidiosis, we report here that C. parvum infection induces expression and release of the dickkopf protein 1 (Dkk1) from intestinal epithelial cells. Delivery of parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA to intestinal epithelial cells triggers transactivation of host Dkk1 gene during C. parvum infection. Release of Dkk1 is involved in C. parvum-induced inhibition of cell migration of epithelial cells, including noninfected bystander cells. Moreover, Dkk1-mediated suppression of host cell migration during C. parvum infection involves inhibition of Cdc42/Par6 signaling. Our data support the hypothesis that attenuation of intestinal epithelial cell migration during Cryptosporidium infection involves parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA-mediated induction and release of Dkk1 from infected cells.

SUBMITTER: Ming Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6129111 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Attenuation of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration During Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involves Parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA-Mediated Induction and Release of Dickkopf-1.

Ming Zhenping Z Wang Yang Y Gong Ai-Yu AY Zhang Xin-Tian XT Li Min M Chen Ting T Mathy Nicholas W NW Strauss-Soukup Juliane K JK Chen Xian-Ming XM

The Journal of infectious diseases 20180901 8

Intestinal infection by Cryptosporidium is known to cause epithelial cell migration disorder but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Previous studies demonstrated that a panel of parasite RNA transcripts of low protein-coding potential are delivered into infected epithelial cells. Using multiple models of intestinal cryptosporidiosis, we report here that C. parvum infection induces expression and release of the dickkopf protein 1 (Dkk1) from intestinal epithelial cells. Delivery of parasite C ...[more]

PMID: 30052999

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Project description:Purpose: Transcriptome profiling of Crytosporidium parvum infected lung and small intestinal organoids was performed to access the response of epithelial cells upon parasitic infection and to do a temporal analysis of the transcriptome of the parasite inside the organoid lumen. We isolated RNA from infected human lung and small intestinal organoids at 24 and 72 hour post infection. Methods: Organoids were grown in expansion or differentiation media and microinjected with equal amounts of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Media-injected organoids were used as a control .Expanding SI organoids were microinjected at 5-6 days after seeding, differentiated SI organoids were injected at 5 days after inducing differentiation. Lung organoids were incubated for 2 weeks after seeding for microinjection. RNA was extracted from 1-2 matrigel drops containing organoids. RNA was converted to cDNA and libraries were prepared using the CelSeq2 method and sequenced. Samples were sequenced on Illumina NextSeq500 by using 75-bp paired-end sequencing. Methods: Paired-end reads from Illumina sequencing were aligned to the human transcriptome genome and C. parvum transcriptome genome (Iowa strain) by BWA. DeSeq (v1.18.0) was used for read normalization and differential expression analysis (p-value adjustment 0.05 by method Benjamini-Hochberg). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using gene lists for type I interferon response and regulation against normalized RNA-seq reads of injected SI and lung organoids using GSEA software v3.0 beta2. Results: At 24 hr post-infection,GO (gene ontology)-term analysis revealed that a substantial number of genes related to ‘cytoskeleton’ and ‘cell mobility’ were up-regulated in lung organoids. This suggests that infection by the parasites and subsequent formation of the intracellular stages within 24 hrs might affects cytoskeleton structures of host cells. After 72 hrs, many genes associated with the type I interferon pathway increased dramatically in lung and intestinal organoids. Results: After 72 hrs, many genes associated with the type I interferon pathway increased dramatically in lung and intestinal organoids. Multiple C. parvum genes were differentially expressed with a large fold change between 24 and 72 hr post-injection.At 24 hr post-infection, most of the enriched genes represented ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNA subunits in both intestinal organoids and lung organoids. By contrast, at 72 hr post-infection, multiple oocyst-wall protein genes were up-regulated, confirming that the parasites formed new oocysts within the organoids. Conclusions: RNA sequencing of injected organoids revealed host epithelial responses upon parasite infection in differentiated SI organoids as well as in lung organoids.Upregulation of genes associated with type I interferon immunity in both SI and lung organoids.

Dataset Information

Attenuation of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration During Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involves Parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA-Mediated Induction and Release of Dickkopf-1.

Publications

Attenuation of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration During Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involves Parasite Cdg7_FLc_1030 RNA-Mediated Induction and Release of Dickkopf-1.

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