Dataset Information

Plasma adiponectin levels are correlated with body composition, metabolic profiles, and mitochondrial markers in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

ABSTRACT: STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional design. OBJECTIVES:This study examined the relationships between circulating adiponectin levels, body composition, metabolic profile, and measures of skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity and biogenesis. SETTINGS:Clinical Research in a Medical Center. METHODS:Plasma adiponectin was quantified in 19 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Body composition was evaluated by dual x-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Metabolic profile was assessed by basal metabolic rate (BMR), oxygen uptake (VO2), and intravenous glucose tolerance testing. Mitochondrial enzyme activity of skeletal muscle was obtained by spectrophotometric assays and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1?) and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression was assessed by Western blots. RESULTS:Adiponectin was negatively related to both total and regional fat mass and positively related to lean mass and muscle mass. Furthermore, there were positive relationships between adiponectin and BMR (r?=?0.52, P?=?0.02) and VO2 (r?=?0.73, P?=?0.01). Furthermore, adiponectin was positively related to citrate synthase (r?=?0.68, P?=?0.002) and complex III activity (r?=?0.57, P?=?0.02). The relationships between adiponectin and body composition remained significant after accounting for age. The relationships between adiponectin, metabolic profile, and markers of mitochondria mass and activity were influenced by age. CONCLUSIONS:The study demonstrated that adiponectin is closely related to body composition and metabolic profile in persons with SCI and further supports mechanistic studies suggesting that adiponectin may stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis.

SUBMITTER: O'Brien LC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6129201 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Plasma adiponectin levels are correlated with body composition, metabolic profiles, and mitochondrial markers in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

O'Brien Laura C LC Graham Zachary A ZA Chen Qun Q Lesnefsky Edward J EJ Cardozo Christopher C Gorgey Ashraf S AS

Spinal cord 20180320 9

<h4>Study design</h4>Cross-sectional design.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study examined the relationships between circulating adiponectin levels, body composition, metabolic profile, and measures of skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity and biogenesis.<h4>Settings</h4>Clinical Research in a Medical Center.<h4>Methods</h4>Plasma adiponectin was quantified in 19 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Body composition was evaluated by dual x-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance ...[more]

PMID: 29559683

Similar Datasets

Project description:Spinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied by deterioration in body composition and severe muscle atrophy. These changes put individuals at risk for insulin resistance, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. To determine the relationships between skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass, activity, and body composition, 22 men with motor complete SCI were studied. Body composition assessment was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle to measure citrate synthase (CS) and complex III (CIII) activity. CS activity was inversely related to %body fat (r = -0.57, P = 0.013), %leg fat (r = -0.52, P = 0.027), %trunk fat (r = -0.54, P = 0.020), and %android fat (r = -0.54, P = 0.017). CIII activity was negatively related to %body fat (r = -0.58, P = 0.022) and %leg fat (r = -0.54, P = 0.037). Increased visceral adipose tissue was associated with decreased CS and CIII activity (r = -0.66, P = 0.004; r = -0.60, P = 0.022). Thigh intramuscular fat was also inversely related to both CS and CIII activity (r = -0.56, P = 0.026; r = -0.60, P = 0.024). Conversely, lean mass (r = 0.75, P = 0.0003; r = 0.65, P = 0.008) and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA; r = 0.82, P = 0.0001; r = 0.84; P = 0.0001) were positively related to mitochondrial parameters. When normalized to thigh muscle CSA, many body composition measurements remained related to CS and CIII activity, suggesting that %fat and lean mass may predict mitochondrial mass and activity independent of muscle size. Finally, individuals with SCI over age 40 had decreased CS and CIII activity (P = 0.009; P = 0.004), suggesting a decrease in mitochondrial health with advanced age. Collectively, these findings suggest that an increase in adipose tissue and decrease in lean mass results in decreased skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity in individuals with chronic SCI.

Project description:Pain affects most individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Major pain types after SCI are neuropathic or nociceptive, often experienced concurrently. Pain after SCI may be refractory to treatments and negatively affects quality of life. Previously, we analyzed whole blood gene expression in individuals with chronic SCI compared to able-bodied (AB) individuals. Most participants with SCI reported pain (N = 19/28). Here, we examined gene expression of participants with SCI by pain status. Compared to AB, participants with SCI with pain had 468 differentially expressed (DE) genes; participants without pain had 564 DE genes (FDR < 0.05). Among DE genes distinct to participants with SCI with pain, Gene Ontology Biological Process (GOBP) analysis showed upregulated genes were enriched in categories related to T cell activation or inflammation; downregulated genes were enriched in categories related to protein proteolysis and catabolism. Although most participants with pain reported multiple pain types concurrently, we performed a preliminary comparison of gene expression by worst pain problem type. Compared to AB, participants with SCI who ranked neuropathic (N = 9) as worst had one distinct DE gene (TMEM156); participants who ranked nociceptive (N = 10) as worst had 61 distinct DE genes (FDR < 0.05). In the nociceptive group, the GOBP category with the lowest P-value identified among upregulated genes was "positive regulation of T cell activation"; among downregulated genes it was "receptor tyrosine kinase binding". An exploratory comparison of pain groups by principal components analysis also showed that the nociceptive group was enriched in T-cell related genes. A correlation analysis identified genes significantly correlated with pain intensity in the neuropathic or nociceptive groups (N = 145, 65, respectively, Pearson's correlation r > 0.8). While this pilot study highlights challenges of identifying gene expression profiles that correlate with specific types of pain in individuals with SCI, it suggests that T-cell signaling should be further investigated in this context.

Project description:With emerging applications of spinal cord electrical stimulation in restoring autonomic and motor function after spinal cord injury, understanding the neuroanatomical substrates of the human spinal cord after spinal cord injury using neuroimaging techniques can play a critical role in optimizing the outcomes of these stimulation-based interventions. In this study, we have introduced a neuroimaging acquisition and analysis protocol of the spinal cord in order to identify: (i) spinal cord levels at the lumbosacral enlargement using nerve root tracing; (ii) variability in the neuroanatomical characteristics of the spinal cord among individuals; (iii) location of the epidural stimulation paddle electrode and contacts with respect to the spinal cord levels at lumbosacral enlargement; and (iv) the links between the anatomical levels of stimulation and the corresponding neurophysiological motor responses. Twelve individuals with chronic, motor complete spinal cord injury implanted with a spinal cord epidural stimulator were included in the study (age: 34 ± 10.9 years, sex: 10 males, 2 females, time since injury: 8.2 ± 9.9 years, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale: 6 A, 6 B). High-resolution MRI scans of the spinal cord were recorded pre-implant. An analysis of neuroanatomical substrates indicates that the length of the spinal column and spinal cord, location of the conus tip and the relationship between the spinal cord levels and vertebral levels, particularly at the lumbosacral enlargement, are variable across individuals. There is no statistically significant correlation between the length of the spinal column and the length of the spinal cord. The percentage of volumetric coverage of the lumbosacral spinal cord by the epidural stimulation paddle electrode ranges from 33.4 to 90.4% across participants. The location of the spinal cord levels with respect to the electrode contacts varies across individuals and impacts the recruitment patterns of neurophysiological responses. Finally, MRI-based spinal cord modelling can be used as a guide for the prediction and preplanning of optimum epidural stimulation paddle placement prior to the implant surgery to ensure maximizing functional outcomes. These findings highlight the crucial role that the neuroanatomical characteristics of the spinal cord specific to each individual play in achieving maximum functional benefits with spinal cord electrical stimulation.

Project description:Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is known to cause a more robust systemic inflammatory response than general trauma without CNS injury, inducing severe secondary organ damage, especially the lung and liver. Related studies are principally focused on the mechanisms underlying repair and regeneration in the injured spinal cord tissue. However, the specific mechanism of secondary injury after acute SCI is widely overlooked, compared with general trauma. Methods Two datasets of GSE151371 and GSE45376 related to the blood samples and spinal cord after acute SCI were selected to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In GSE151371, functional enrichment analysis on specific DEGs of blood samples was performed. And the top 15 specific hub genes were identified from intersectional genes between the specific upregulated DEGs of blood samples in GSE151371 and the upregulated DEGs of the spinal cord in GSE45376. The specific functional enrichment analysis and the drug candidates of the hub genes and the miRNAs-targeted hub genes were also analyzed and predicted. Results DEGs were identified, and a total of 64 specific genes were the intersection of upregulated genes of the spinal cord in GSE45376 and upregulated genes of human blood samples in GSE151371. The top 15 hub genes including HP, LCN2, DLGAP5, CEP55, HMMR, CDKN3, PRTN3, SKA3, MPO, LTF, CDC25C, MMP9, NEIL3, NUSAP1, and CD163 were calculated from the 64 specific genes. Functional enrichment analysis of the top 15 hub genes revealed inflammation-related pathways. The predicted miRNAs-targeted hub genes and drug candidates of hub genes were also performed to put forward reasonable treatment strategies. Conclusion The specific hub genes of acute SCI as compared with trauma without CNS injury were identified. The functional enrichment analysis of hub genes showed a specific immune response. Several predicted drugs of hub genes were also obtained. The hub genes and the predicted miRNAs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets and require further validation.

Dataset Information

Plasma adiponectin levels are correlated with body composition, metabolic profiles, and mitochondrial markers in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

Publications

Plasma adiponectin levels are correlated with body composition, metabolic profiles, and mitochondrial markers in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets