Dataset Information
Unfavorable and favorable changes in modifiable risk factors and incidence of coronary heart disease: The Whitehall II cohort study.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Background
Few studies have examined long-term associations of unfavorable and favorable changes in vascular risk factors with incident coronary heart disease (CHD). We examined this issue in a middle-aged disease-free population.Methods
We used repeat data from the Whitehall II cohort study. Five biomedical, behavioral and psychosocial examinations of 8335 participants without CHD produced up to 20,357 person-observations to mimic a non-randomized pseudo-trial. After measurement of potential change in 6 risk factors twice (total cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, overweight, psychological distress, problems in social relationships), a 5-year follow-up of CHD was undertaken.Results
Incidence of CHD was 7.4/1000?person-years. Increases from normal to high cholesterol (hazard ratio, HR?=?1.59, 95% CI 1.26-2.00) and from normal to high blood pressure (HR?=?1.64, 95% CI 1.33-2.03), as compared to remaining at the normal level, were associated with increased risk of CHD. In contrast, decreases from high to low levels of cholesterol (HR?=?0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.91), psychological distress (HR?=?0.68, 95% CI 0.51-0.90), and problems in social relationships (HR?=?0.65, 95% CI 0.50-0.85), and quitting smoking (HR?=?0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.82) were associated with a reduced CHD risk compared to remaining at high risk factor levels. The highest absolute risk was associated with persistent exposure to both high cholesterol and hypertension (incidence 18.1/1000?person-years) and smoking and overweight (incidence 17.7/1000?person-years).Conclusions
While persistent exposures and changes in biological and behavioral risk factors relate to the greatest increases and reductions in 5-year risk of CHD, also favorable changes in psychosocial risk factors appear to reduce CHD risk.
SUBMITTER: Virtanen M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6152587 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Unfavorable and favorable changes in modifiable risk factors and incidence of coronary heart disease: The Whitehall II cohort study.
International journal of cardiology 20180705
<h4>Background</h4>Few studies have examined long-term associations of unfavorable and favorable changes in vascular risk factors with incident coronary heart disease (CHD). We examined this issue in a middle-aged disease-free population.<h4>Methods</h4>We used repeat data from the Whitehall II cohort study. Five biomedical, behavioral and psychosocial examinations of 8335 participants without CHD produced up to 20,357 person-observations to mimic a non-randomized pseudo-trial. After measurement ...[more]