Dataset Information

Proteomics and Lipidomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: From Mechanistic Insights to Biomarker Identification.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of progressive disorders characterized by recurrent chronic inflammation of the gut. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the major manifestations of IBD. While our understanding of IBD has progressed in recent years, its etiology is far from being fully understood, resulting in suboptimal treatment options. Complementing other biological endpoints, bioanalytical "omics" methods that quantify many biomolecules simultaneously have great potential in the dissection of the complex pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we focus on the rapidly evolving proteomics and lipidomics technologies and their broad applicability to IBD studies; these range from investigations of immune-regulatory mechanisms and biomarker discovery to studies dissecting host?microbiome interactions and the role of intestinal epithelial cells. Future studies can leverage recent advances, including improved analytical methodologies, additional relevant sample types, and integrative multi-omics analyses. Proteomics and lipidomics could effectively accelerate the development of novel targeted treatments and the discovery of complementary biomarkers, enabling continuous monitoring of the treatment response of individual patients; this may allow further refinement of treatment and, ultimately, facilitate a personalized medicine approach to IBD.

SUBMITTER: Titz B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6163330 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proteomics and Lipidomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: From Mechanistic Insights to Biomarker Identification.

Titz Bjoern B Gadaleta Raffaella M RM Lo Sasso Giuseppe G Elamin Ashraf A Ekroos Kim K Ivanov Nikolai V NV Peitsch Manuel C MC Hoeng Julia J

International journal of molecular sciences 20180915 9

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of progressive disorders characterized by recurrent chronic inflammation of the gut. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the major manifestations of IBD. While our understanding of IBD has progressed in recent years, its etiology is far from being fully understood, resulting in suboptimal treatment options. Complementing other biological endpoints, bioanalytical "omics" methods that quantify many biomolecules simultaneously have great po ...[more]

PMID: 30223557

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Project description:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are complex, multifactorial disorders that comprise Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 100 loci that are significantly associated with IBD. These loci implicate a diverse array of genes and pathophysiologic mechanisms, including microbe recognition, lymphocyte activation, cytokine signaling, and intestinal epithelial defense. Consistent with epidemiologic predictions, many IBD-associated loci demonstrate genome-wide significant associations to both CD and UC, notably, genes whose products function in the interleukin-23 pathway, and transcription factors, including NK2 transcription factor related, locus 3 (NKX2-3), SMAD3, STAT3, ZMIZ1, and c-REL. Although CD and UC are both associated with genomic regions that implicate products of genes involved in leukocyte trafficking, there is evidence for association patterns that are distinct between CD and UC. CD-predominant associations include NOD2 and genes that regulate autophagy. In UC, the predominant association signal is on chromosome 6p21, in the major histocompatibility complex region, near HLA class II genes. UC-predominant loci have also implicated genes mediating epithelial defense function. There is a striking overlap of loci between diseases, which could provide comparative insight into mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. Genes that encode factors that function in the interleukin-23 pathway have been associated with a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, notably psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis. Distinct genetic associations indicate that the colitis associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis is pathophysiologically distinct from UC that is not associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis. As many as 14 susceptibility loci are shared between IBD and celiac disease, indicating significant overlap in pathophysiology. Future genetic studies will be directed toward identifying uncommon variations with potentially greater statistical effects, defining population differences, and more completely accounting for familial transmission of disease.

Dataset Information

Proteomics and Lipidomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: From Mechanistic Insights to Biomarker Identification.

Publications

Proteomics and Lipidomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: From Mechanistic Insights to Biomarker Identification.

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