Gluten intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in three large prospective cohort studies of US men and women.

ABSTRACT: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:We investigated the association between gluten intake and long-term type 2 diabetes risk among Americans. METHODS:We followed women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n?=?71,602, 1984-2012) and NHS II (n?=?88,604, 1991-2013) and men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS, n?=?41,908, 1986-2012). Gluten intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire every 2-4 years. Incident type 2 diabetes was defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes confirmed using a supplementary questionnaire. RESULT:Gluten intake was strongly correlated with intakes of carbohydrate components, especially refined grains, starch and cereal fibre (Spearman correlation coefficients >0.6). During 4.24 million years of follow-up, 15,947 people were confirmed to have type 2 diabetes. After multivariate adjustment, pooled HRs and 95% CIs for type 2 diabetes, from low to high gluten quintiles, were (ptrend?

SUBMITTER: Zong G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6182774 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature