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Changes of glucose levels precede dementia in African-Americans with diabetes but not in Caucasians.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Changes in glucose levels may represent a powerful metabolic indicator of dementia in African-Americans with diabetes. It is unclear whether these changes also occur in Caucasians. METHODS:A secondary data analysis using electronic medical records from 5228 African-Americans and Caucasians aged ?65 years was carried out. Mixed effects models with repeated serum glucose measurements were used to compare changes in glucose levels between African-Americans and Caucasian patients with and without incident dementia. RESULTS:African-Americans and Caucasians with diabetes had significantly different changes in glucose levels by dementia status (P < .0001). African-Americans experienced a significant decline in glucose levels before the dementia diagnosis (estimated glucose decline 1.3421 mg/dL per year, P < .0001) than those who did not develop dementia. Caucasians with and without dementia showed stable glucose levels over time (P = .3071). DISCUSSION:Significant changes in glucose levels precede dementia in African-American patients with diabetes but not in Caucasians.

SUBMITTER: Hendrie HC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6192866 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes of glucose levels precede dementia in African-Americans with diabetes but not in Caucasians.

Hendrie Hugh C HC Zheng Mengjie M Lane Kathleen A KA Ambuehl Roberta R Purnell Christianna C Li Shanshan S Unverzagt Frederick W FW Murray Michael D MD Balasubramanyam Ashok A Callahan Chris M CM Gao Sujuan S

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 20180418 12

<h4>Introduction</h4>Changes in glucose levels may represent a powerful metabolic indicator of dementia in African-Americans with diabetes. It is unclear whether these changes also occur in Caucasians.<h4>Methods</h4>A secondary data analysis using electronic medical records from 5228 African-Americans and Caucasians aged ≥65 years was carried out. Mixed effects models with repeated serum glucose measurements were used to compare changes in glucose levels between African-Americans and Caucasian ...[more]

PMID: 29678640

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Project description:Most hereditary tumors show aberrations in DNA repair genes or their regulators. In contrast, only a minority of sporadic tumors show alterations in these genes. As a result, genomic instability is currently considered an enhancer of tumorigenesis rather than an obligatory event in this process. However, tumor heterogeneity presents a significant technical challenge for most cancer genomics studies performed at less than 100× mean resolution depth. To address the importance of genomic instability in prostate carcinogenesis and tumor progression, we performed ultrahigh depth exome sequencing of 124 DNA damage repair/response (repairome) genes in 63 tumors and matched normal tissue samples in African Americans and Caucasians. The average sequence depth was 712-fold for DNA isolated from normal tissue and 368-fold for FFPE tumors. We identified 671 somatic mutations in tumors from African Americans and 762 somatic mutations in tumors in Caucasians. The most frequently mutated DNA repairome genes were EXO1, ATR, POLQ, NEIL3, ERCC6, BRCA2, BRCA1, XPC, JAG1, RPA1, POLE, ATM, and LIG1 in African American men, and POLQ, NEIL3, POLB, BRCA2, EXO1, ERCC6, ATR, RBBP8, BRCA1, ATM, JAG1, XPC, and POLE in Caucasians. We found that 89% of tumors had at least one mutation in nucleotide excision repair pathway genes in African Americans, whereas >40% of tumors had mutations in base excision repair pathway genes in Caucasians. We further identified a marginal increase in mutation rate in tumors in African Americans with increasing age. Tumors in Caucasians did not show a correlation with age, but a progressive increase in the mutation rate was observed at higher Gleason scores. Our data reveal significant differences in the molecular signatures in the DNA repairome in prostate cancer between African Americans and Caucasians. These data also have substantial implications regarding the well-known health disparities in prostate cancer, such as the higher mortality in African Americans than Caucasians.

Dataset Information

Changes of glucose levels precede dementia in African-Americans with diabetes but not in Caucasians.

Publications

Changes of glucose levels precede dementia in African-Americans with diabetes but not in Caucasians.

Similar Datasets

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