Dataset Information

Amino acid-specific ?¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

ABSTRACT: Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of amino acids (AAs) in consumer tissues is a developing technique with wide-ranging applications for identifying nitrogen (N) sources and estimating animal trophic level. Controlled experiments are essential for determining which dietary conditions influence variability in N stable isotopes (?¹⁵N) trophic enrichment factors in bulk tissue (TEF_bulk) and AAs (TEF_AA). To date, however, studies have not independently evaluated the effect of protein quantity and quality (digestibility) on TEFs, complicating the application of AA-?¹⁵N values for estimating trophic levels. We conducted a 98-d feeding experiment using five formulated isoenergetic feeds prepared with a high-quality protein source to evaluate the effect of protein quantity and quality on TEFs of liver and muscle tissues of juvenile Pacific yellowtail (Seriola lalandi), a carnivorous fish species. We decreased protein digestibility using well-established protocols that do not change AA profiles. Growth rates were higher in diets with higher protein content, and isotopic equilibrium was reached for both fish tissues and all treatments. Protein quantity and quality influenced isotope discrimination depending on tissue type and AA. In liver tissue, bulk TEFs showed a limited but significant relationship with protein quality, but did not differ with protein quantity or quality in muscle. None of the pre-established source AAs (Lys, Met, Phe, and Gly) TEFs varied significantly with protein quantity or quality in liver tissue. However, in muscle tissue, TEF_Phe increased significantly with protein content and decreased in response to reduced digestibility, indicating it may not serve as proxy for baseline isotopic values used to calculate trophic level. Among trophic AAs, TEF_Leu decreased significantly with increasing protein quantity in liver tissue, while both Leu and Ile TEFs decreased with lower protein digestibility in muscle tissue. Our results indicate that CSIA-AA in liver tissue provides more robust source and trophic AA-?¹⁵N values than in muscle.

SUBMITTER: Nuche-Pascual MT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6194260 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Amino acid-specific δ15N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

Nuche-Pascual M Teresa MT Lazo Juan Pablo JP Ruiz-Cooley Rocío I RI Herzka Sharon Z SZ

Ecology and evolution 20180730 18

Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of amino acids (AAs) in consumer tissues is a developing technique with wide-ranging applications for identifying nitrogen (N) sources and estimating animal trophic level. Controlled experiments are essential for determining which dietary conditions influence variability in N stable isotopes (δ15N) trophic enrichment factors in bulk tissue (TEFbulk) and AAs (TEFAA). To date, however, studies have not independently evaluat ...[more]

PMID: 30377494

Similar Datasets

Project description:To evolve fish farming in an eco-efficient way, feed production must become less dependent on forage fish-based ingredients and make more use of low trophic level organisms, including microalgae, higher plants, as filter feeding organisms and other ingredients with low competition to established food value chains. Diets nearly free of fish meal and fish oil are not a novelty but are often composed of complex mixtures, containing supplements to meet the farmed animal's nutritional requirements. Sustaining a growing aquaculture production, maintaining at the same time fish health, welfare, and profitability, and meeting strict environmental and food safety demands, is challenging and requires new technologies, great investments, and more knowledge. A benchmarking feeding trial was performed to demonstrate the main effects of four low trophic raw materials on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) growth, metabolism, skin health and fillet quality. To this end, a diet was produced to contain commercially relevant levels of fresh high quality organic FM and FO and was used as a control in the trial (FMFO). Heterotrophically produced Schizochytrium limacinum biomass was used to replace organic FO (HM diet). Spray dried cell wall disrupted biomass of the phototrophically cultured diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum replaced partly FM and FO (PM diet). Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal and tunicate (Ciona intestinalis) meal, were used to produce the diets BSFL and TM, respectively, replacing large parts of FM as compared to the FMFO. A fifth test diet was produced combining all test raw materials and removing all FM and FO (0FM0FO diet). All test ingredients were well accepted sustaining high growth rates (TGC values near 4) and feed efficiency (FCR values below 0.9) in salmon showing good gut health and normal metabolic responses. However, none of the treatments reached the growth performance of FMFO. Additional differences between test and control treatments were identified in dietary nutrient apparent digestibility, fish biometrics, blood metabolites and fillet and skin composition. Extensive raw material and dietary chemical characterisation was performed to provide insight on potential shortcomings in the novel low trophic level ingredients which can possibly be overcome combining complementary raw materials.

Dataset Information

Amino acid-specific ?¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

Publications

Amino acid-specific δ<sup>15</sup>N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Dataset Information

Amino acid-specific ?15N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

Publications

Amino acid-specific δ<sup>15</sup>N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Amino acid-specific ?¹⁵N trophic enrichment factors in fish fed with formulated diets varying in protein quantity and quality.