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Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

ABSTRACT: Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is considered as probably protective against overall cancer risk, but results in previous studies are not consistent for thyroid cancer (TC). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and differentiated thyroid cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The EPIC study is a cohort including over half a million participants, recruited between 1991 and 2000. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 748 incident first primary differentiated TC cases were identified. F&V and fruit juice intakes were assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of intake, differentiated TC risk was not associated with intakes of total F&V (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.68-1.15; p-trend?=?0.44), vegetables (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.69-1.14; p-trend?=?0.56), or fruit (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.79-1.26; p-trend?=?0.64). No significant association was observed with any individual type of vegetable or fruit. However, there was a positive borderline trend with fruit juice intake (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.98-1.53; p-trend?=?0.06). This study did not find any significant association between F&V intakes and differentiated TC risk; however a positive trend with fruit juice intake was observed, possibly related to its high sugar content.

SUBMITTER: Zamora-Ros R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6198931 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

Zamora-Ros Raul R Béraud Virginie V Franceschi Silvia S Cayssials Valerie V Tsilidis Konstantinos K KK Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine MC Weiderpass Elisabete E Overvad Kim K Tjønneland Anne A Eriksen Anne K AK Bonnet Fabrice F Affret Aurélie A Katzke Verena V Kühn Tilman T Boeing Heiner H Trichopoulou Antonia A Valanou Elisavet E Karakatsani Anna A Masala Giovanna G Grioni Sara S Santucci de Magistris Maria M Tumino Rosario R Ricceri Fulvio F Skeie Guri G Parr Christine L CL Merino Susana S Salamanca-Fernández Elena E Chirlaque Maria-Dolores MD Ardanaz Eva E Amiano Pilar P Almquist Martin M Drake Isabel I Hennings Joakim J Sandström Maria M Bueno-de-Mesquita H B As HBA Peeters Petra H PH Khaw Kay-Thee KT Wareham Nicholas J NJ Schmidt Julie A JA Perez-Cornago Aurora A Aune Dagfinn D Riboli Elio E Slimani Nadia N Scalbert Augustin A Romieu Isabelle I Agudo Antonio A Rinaldi Sabina S

International journal of cancer 20170724 3

Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is considered as probably protective against overall cancer risk, but results in previous studies are not consistent for thyroid cancer (TC). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and differentiated thyroid cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The EPIC study is a cohort including over half a million participants, recruited bet ...[more]

PMID: 28688112

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Project description:BackgroundProspective studies have consistently reported lower colorectal cancer risks associated with higher intakes of total dairy products, total milk and dietary calcium. However, less is known about whether the inverse associations vary for individual dairy products with differing fat contents.Materials and methodsIn the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we investigated the associations between intakes of total milk and milk subtypes (whole-fat, semi-skimmed and skimmed), yoghurt, cheese, and dietary calcium with colorectal cancer risk amongst 477,122 men and women. Dietary questionnaires were administered at baseline. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for relevant confounding variables.ResultsDuring the mean 11 years of follow-up, 4,513 incident cases of colorectal cancer occurred. After multivariable adjustments, total milk consumption was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (HR per 200 g/day 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98). Similar inverse associations were observed for whole-fat (HR per 200 g/day 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.99) and skimmed milk (HR per 200 g/day 0.90, 95% CI: 0.79-1.02) in the multivariable models. Inverse associations were observed for cheese and yoghurt in the categorical models; although in the linear models, these associations were non-significant. Dietary calcium was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (HR per 200 mg/day 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99); this association was limited to dairy sources of calcium only (HR per 200 mg/day 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99), with no association observed for non-dairy calcium sources (HR per 200 mg/day 1.00, 95% CI: 0.81-1.24).ConclusionsOur results strengthen the evidence for a possible protective role of dairy products on colorectal cancer risk. The inverse associations we observed did not differ by the fat content of the dairy products considered.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The consumption of sweet beverages has been associated with greater risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which may be involved in the development of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that sweet beverages may increase pancreatic cancer risk as well. OBJECTIVE:We examined the association between sweet-beverage consumption (including total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drink and juice and nectar consumption) and pancreatic cancer risk. DESIGN:The study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. A total of 477,199 participants (70.2% women) with a mean age of 51 y at baseline were included, and 865 exocrine pancreatic cancers were diagnosed after a median follow-up of 11.60 y (IQR: 10.10-12.60 y). Sweet-beverage consumption was assessed with the use of validated dietary questionnaires at baseline. HRs and 95% CIs were obtained with the use of multivariable Cox regression models that were stratified by age, sex, and center and adjusted for educational level, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Associations with total soft-drink consumption were adjusted for juice and nectar consumption and vice versa. RESULTS:Total soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.07), sugar-sweetened soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.08), and artificially sweetened soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.10) were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Juice and nectar consumption was inversely associated with pancreatic cancer risk (HR per 100 g/d: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99); this association remained statistically significant after adjustment for body size, type 2 diabetes, and energy intake. CONCLUSIONS:Soft-drink consumption does not seem to be associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Juice and nectar consumption might be associated with a modest decreased pancreatic cancer risk. Additional studies with specific information on juice and nectar subtypes are warranted to clarify these results.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Dietary guidelines on pure fruit juice consumption vary from country to country regarding the inclusion of pure fruit juice in the recommendations as an acceptable alternative for fruit. Current epidemiological evidence on the association between pure fruit juice consumption and diabetes risk is scarce. OBJECTIVE:We studied the association of both pure fruit juice and fruit consumption with diabetes risk and investigated the differences between low and high fruit consumers in the association of pure fruit juice consumption with diabetes risk. METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 36,147 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) Study aged 20-69 y at baseline. Fruit juice and fruit consumption were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire; amounts of consumption were divided into 5 categories and quintiles, respectively. Incident type 2 diabetes cases were mainly self-reported and verified against medical records. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs and 95% CIs. RESULTS:After an average follow-up of 14.6 y, 1477 verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes were documented. Compared with no consumption, pure fruit juice consumption was not significantly associated with type 2 diabetes, with adjusted HRs ranging from 0.92 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.09) to 1.03 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.26). The associations did not differ between participants with low and high fruit consumption. None of the categories of fruit consumption were associated with type 2 diabetes (lowest quintile as reference). Adjusted HRs ranged between 0.93 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.10) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.19). Adjustment for the Dutch Healthy Diet Index, as an overall measure of dietary quality, strongly attenuated the observed associations of type 2 diabetes with both fruit juice and fruit consumption. CONCLUSIONS:We found no evidence for associations between pure fruit juice and fruit consumption and diabetes risk after adjustment for overall dietary quality for participants in the EPIC-NL study. This trial was registered at https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6939 as NL6939.

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Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

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Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

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