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Associations Among Dietary Fat Oxidation Responses to Overfeeding and Weight Gain in Obesity-Prone and Resistant Adults.


ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self-identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms.

Methods

Adults identified as OP (n = 22; BMI: 23.9? ± ?2.4 kg/m2 ) and OR (n = 30; BMI: 20.5 ?±? 2.2 kg/m2 ) completed 3 days of eucaloric (EU) feeding and 3 days of OF. On day 3, the 24-hour total and dietary fat oxidation was measured using room calorimetry and an oral 14 C tracer. Plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were frequently sampled over 24 hours. Body composition was measured annually for 4.0 ?±? 1.4 years in a subsample (n = 19 OP and 23 OR).

Results

Dietary fat oxidation over 24 hours was not altered by OF versus EU (P = 0.54). Weight gain in OP correlated with lower nocturnal NEFA concentrations during OF (r? = -0.60; P = 0.006) and impaired fuel selection over 24 hours (metabolic inflexibility, wake respiratory quotient-sleep respiratory quotient) (r = -0.48; P? = 0.04).

Conclusions

Short-term OF did not alter dietary fat oxidation. Lower nocturnal NEFA availability and metabolic inflexibility to overfeeding may be factors contributing to weight gain.

SUBMITTER: Rynders CA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6214358 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Associations Among Dietary Fat Oxidation Responses to Overfeeding and Weight Gain in Obesity-Prone and Resistant Adults.

Rynders Corey A CA   Pereira Rocio I RI   Bergouignan Audrey A   Kealey Elizabeth H EH   Bessesen Daniel H DH  

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20181101 11


<h4>Objective</h4>This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self-identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms.<h4>Methods</h4>Adults identified as OP (n = 22; BMI: 23.9  ±  2.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) and OR (n = 30; BMI: 20  ...[more]

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2008-05-20 | GSE11492 | GEO