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Association of food allergy and decreased lung function in children and young adults with asthma.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Food allergy (FA) appears early in the atopic march, a progression that may lead to the development of asthma. The association between FA and pulmonary function in children with and without asthma remains unknown. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between FA and lung function in children with and without asthma. METHODS:We enrolled 1,068 children as a part of a family-based FA cohort. We then categorized children as having FA by physician diagnosis, evidence of specific IgE, and typical symptoms within 2 hours of food ingestion. We categorized asthma by physician diagnosis. We used American Thoracic Society criteria for spirometry measurements. We assessed the effects of asthma classification and FA number on lung function using mixed-effect models. RESULTS:We enrolled 1,068 children: 417 (39%) had asthma, 402 (38%) had at least 1 FA, and 162 (15%) had 2 or more FAs. Unstratified analyses found no significant association between FA number and lung function. In children with asthma, we detected statistically significant differences in predicted forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% between children with 2 or more FAs compared with those with none (mean [SE] ??=?-7.5 [3.6]; P?=?.04). This effect lost significance after adjusting for aeroallergen sensitization. We detected no significant associations between FA number and predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity. CONCLUSION:Having 2 or more FAs is a potential risk factor for greater small airway airflow obstruction among children with asthma, highlighting the need for close clinical follow-up and improved intervention strategies for these patients.

SUBMITTER: Sherenian MG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6215513 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of food allergy and decreased lung function in children and young adults with asthma.

Sherenian Michael G MG Singh Anne M AM Arguelles Lester L Balmert Lauren L Caruso Deanna D Wang Xiaobin X Pongracic Jacqueline J Kumar Rajesh R

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology 20180803 5

<h4>Background</h4>Food allergy (FA) appears early in the atopic march, a progression that may lead to the development of asthma. The association between FA and pulmonary function in children with and without asthma remains unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the association between FA and lung function in children with and without asthma.<h4>Methods</h4>We enrolled 1,068 children as a part of a family-based FA cohort. We then categorized children as having FA by physician diagnosis, eviden ...[more]

PMID: 30081088

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Project description:IntroductionDNA methylation studies have associated methylation levels at different CpG sites or genomic regions with lung function. Moreover, genetic ancestry has been associated with lung function in Latinos. However, no epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of lung function has been performed in this population. Here, we aimed to identify DNA methylation patterns associated with lung function in pediatric asthma among Latinos.ResultsWe conducted an EWAS in whole blood from 250 Puerto Rican and 148 Mexican American children and young adults with asthma. A total of five CpGs exceeded the genome-wide significance threshold of p = 1.17 × 10-7 in the combined analyses from Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans: cg06035600 (MAP3K6, p = 6.13 × 10-8) showed significant association with pre-bronchodilator Tiffeneau-Pinelli index, the probes cg00914963 (TBC1D16, p = 1.04 × 10-7), cg16405908 (MRGPRE, p = 2.05 × 10-8), and cg07428101 (MUC2, p = 5.02 × 10-9) were associated with post-bronchodilator forced vital capacity (FVC), and cg20515679 (KCNJ6) with post-bronchodilator Tiffeneau-Pinelli index (p = 1.13 × 10-8). However, these markers did not show significant associations in publicly available data from Europeans (p > 0.05). A methylation quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that methylation levels at these CpG sites were regulated by genetic variation in Latinos and the Biobank-based Integrative Omics Studies (BIOS) consortium. Additionally, two differentially methylated regions in REXOC and AURKC were associated with pre-bronchodilator Tiffeneau-Pinelli index (adjusted p < 0.05) in Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans. Moreover, we replicated some of the previous differentially methylated signals associated with lung function in non-Latino populations.ConclusionsWe replicated previous associations of epigenetic markers with lung function in whole blood and identified novel population-specific associations shared among Latino subgroups.

Project description:BackgroundPeanut allergy is common, life-threatening, and without therapeutic options. We evaluated peanut epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) by using Viaskin Peanut for peanut allergy treatment.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the clinical, safety, and immunologic effects of EPIT for the treatment of peanut allergy.MethodsIn this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 74 participants with peanut allergy (ages 4-25 years) were treated with placebo (n = 25), Viaskin Peanut 100 μg (VP100; n = 24) or Viaskin Peanut 250 μg (VP250; n = 25; DBV Technologies, Montrouge, France). The primary outcome was treatment success after 52 weeks, which was defined as passing a 5044-mg protein oral food challenge or achieving a 10-fold or greater increase in successfully consumed dose from baseline to week 52. Adverse reactions and mechanistic changes were assessed.ResultsAt week 52, treatment success was achieved in 3 (12%) placebo-treated participants, 11 (46%) VP100 participants, and 12 (48%) VP250 participants (P = .005 and P = .003, respectively, compared with placebo; VP100 vs VP250, P = .48). Median change in successfully consumed doses were 0, 43, and 130 mg of protein in the placebo, VP100, and VP250 groups, respectively (placebo vs VP100, P = .014; placebo vs VP250, P = .003). Treatment success was higher among younger children (P = .03; age, 4-11 vs >11 years). Overall, 14.4% of placebo doses and 79.8% of VP100 and VP250 doses resulted in reactions, predominantly local patch-site and mild reactions (P = .003). Increases in peanut-specific IgG4 levels and IgG4/IgE ratios were observed in peanut EPIT-treated participants, along with trends toward reduced basophil activation and peanut-specific TH2 cytokines.ConclusionsPeanut EPIT administration was safe and associated with a modest treatment response after 52 weeks, with the highest responses among younger children. This, when coupled with a high adherence and retention rate and significant changes in immune pathways, supports further investigation of this novel therapy.

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Association of food allergy and decreased lung function in children and young adults with asthma.

Publications

Association of food allergy and decreased lung function in children and young adults with asthma.

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