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ABSTRACT: Background
Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.Methods
We used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4.2%), 148,697 (68.1%), 42,678 (19.6%), 13,084 (6.0%), 3597 (1.6%), and 1095 (0.5%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. A total of 138, 517 women from 26 cohorts had pregnancies with no hypertensive or diabetic disorders and with term deliveries of appropriate for gestational age at birth infants. Gestational weight gain charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grade 1, 2, and 3 obese women were derived by the Box-Cox t method using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape.Results
We observed that gestational weight gain strongly differed per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index group. The median (interquartile range) gestational weight gain at 40 weeks was 14.2 kg (11.4-17.4) for underweight women, 14.5 kg (11.5-17.7) for normal weight women, 13.9 kg (10.1-17.9) for overweight women, and 11.2 kg (7.0-15.7), 8.7 kg (4.3-13.4) and 6.3 kg (1.9-11.1) for grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. The rate of weight gain was lower in the first half than in the second half of pregnancy. No differences in the patterns of weight gain were observed between cohorts or countries. Similar weight gain patterns were observed in mothers without pregnancy complications.Conclusions
Gestational weight gain patterns are strongly related to pre-pregnancy body mass index. The derived charts can be used to assess gestational weight gain in etiological research and as a monitoring tool for weight gain during pregnancy in clinical practice.
SUBMITTER: Santos S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6217770 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Santos Susana S Eekhout Iris I Voerman Ellis E Gaillard Romy R Barros Henrique H Charles Marie-Aline MA Chatzi Leda L Chevrier Cécile C Chrousos George P GP Corpeleijn Eva E Costet Nathalie N Crozier Sarah S Doyon Myriam M Eggesbø Merete M Fantini Maria Pia MP Farchi Sara S Forastiere Francesco F Gagliardi Luigi L Georgiu Vagelis V Godfrey Keith M KM Gori Davide D Grote Veit V Hanke Wojciech W Hertz-Picciotto Irva I Heude Barbara B Hivert Marie-France MF Hryhorczuk Daniel D Huang Rae-Chi RC Inskip Hazel H Jusko Todd A TA Karvonen Anne M AM Koletzko Berthold B Küpers Leanne K LK Lagström Hanna H Lawlor Debbie A DA Lehmann Irina I Lopez-Espinosa Maria-Jose MJ Magnus Per P Majewska Renata R Mäkelä Johanna J Manios Yannis Y McDonald Sheila W SW Mommers Monique M Morgen Camilla S CS Moschonis George G Murínová Ľubica Ľ Newnham John J Nohr Ellen A EA Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo AN Oken Emily E Oostvogels Adriëtte J J M AJJM Pac Agnieszka A Papadopoulou Eleni E Pekkanen Juha J Pizzi Costanza C Polanska Kinga K Porta Daniela D Richiardi Lorenzo L Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L SL Roeleveld Nel N Santa-Marina Loreto L Santos Ana C AC Smit Henriette A HA Sørensen Thorkild I A TIA Standl Marie M Stanislawski Maggie M Stoltenberg Camilla C Thiering Elisabeth E Thijs Carel C Torrent Maties M Tough Suzanne C SC Trnovec Tomas T van Gelder Marleen M H J MMHJ van Rossem Lenie L von Berg Andrea A Vrijheid Martine M Vrijkotte Tanja G M TGM Zvinchuk Oleksandr O van Buuren Stef S Jaddoe Vincent W V VWV
BMC medicine 20181105 1
<h4>Background</h4>Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare th ...[more]