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Antimicrobial Activity of NCR Plant Peptides Strongly Depends on the Test Assays.

ABSTRACT: The symbiosis specific NCR247 and NCR335 cationic plant peptides of Medicago truncatula have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microbes. However, their antimicrobial efficiency is clearly limited by divalent cations. Here, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of NCR247 and NCR335 peptides were compared to those of the well-characterized peptide antibiotics polymyxin B and the aminoglycoside streptomycin on three model microbes, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as representatives of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as eukaryotic fungi. The aim of the study was to assess how the killing efficiency of these peptides depends on various, widely used antimicrobial susceptibility assays. Validated resazurin microdilution assay was used to determine minimal growth inhibitory concentrations in three general test media (MHB, MHBII and low-salt medium LSM). Bactericidal/fungicidal activities were determined by the commonly used drop plate assay. The natural plant peptides showed distinct characteristics, NCR247 had a generally high sensitivity for Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in the medium, while NCR335 proved to be a robust and strong antimicrobial agent with comparable efficiency values to polymyxin B. Activity data were confirmed visually, both NCR247 and NCR335 treatments at minimal bactericidal concentrations induced complete disruption of the membranes and provoked cell lysis on all tested microorganisms as observed by scanning electron microscopy.

SUBMITTER: Farkas A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6218624 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antimicrobial Activity of NCR Plant Peptides Strongly Depends on the Test Assays.

Farkas Attila A Pap Bernadett B Kondorosi Éva É Maróti Gergely G

Frontiers in microbiology 20181030

The symbiosis specific NCR247 and NCR335 cationic plant peptides of <i>Medicago truncatula</i> have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microbes. However, their antimicrobial efficiency is clearly limited by divalent cations. Here, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of NCR247 and NCR335 peptides were compared to those of the well-characterized peptide antibiotics polymyxin B and the aminoglycoside streptomycin on three model microbes, <i>Escherichia coli</ ...[more]

PMID: 30425705

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Project description:ObjectiveTo identify non-EEG-based signals and algorithms for detection of motor and non-motor seizures in people lying in bed during video-EEG (VEEG) monitoring and to test whether these algorithms work in freely moving people during mobile EEG recordings.MethodsData of three groups of adult people with epilepsy (PwE) were analyzed. Group 1 underwent VEEG with additional devices (accelerometry, ECG, electrodermal activity); group 2 underwent VEEG; and group 3 underwent mobile EEG recordings both including one-lead ECG. All seizure types were analyzed. Feature extraction and machine-learning techniques were applied to develop seizure detection algorithms. Performance was expressed as sensitivity, precision, F1 score, and false positives per 24 hours.ResultsThe algorithms were developed in group 1 (35 PwE, 33 seizures) and achieved best results (F1 score 56%, sensitivity 67%, precision 45%, false positives 0.7/24 hours) when ECG features alone were used, with no improvement by including accelerometry and electrodermal activity. In group 2 (97 PwE, 255 seizures), this ECG-based algorithm largely achieved the same performance (F1 score 51%, sensitivity 39%, precision 73%, false positives 0.4/24 hours). In group 3 (30 PwE, 51 seizures), the same ECG-based algorithm failed to meet up with the performance in groups 1 and 2 (F1 score 27%, sensitivity 31%, precision 23%, false positives 1.2/24 hours). ECG-based algorithms were also separately trained on data of groups 2 and 3 and tested on the data of the other groups, yielding maximal F1 scores between 8% and 26%.SignificanceOur results suggest that algorithms based on ECG features alone can provide clinically meaningful performance for automatic detection of all seizure types. Our study also underscores that the circumstances under which such algorithms were developed, and the selection of the training and test data sets need to be considered and limit the application of such systems to unseen patient groups behaving in different conditions.

Dataset Information

Antimicrobial Activity of NCR Plant Peptides Strongly Depends on the Test Assays.

Publications

Antimicrobial Activity of NCR Plant Peptides Strongly Depends on the Test Assays.

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