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Extremely short duration interval exercise improves 24-h glycaemia in men with type 2 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:Reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) is a genuinely time-efficient exercise intervention that improves aerobic capacity and blood pressure in men with type 2 diabetes. However, the acute effects of REHIT on 24-h glycaemia have not been examined. METHODS:11 men with type 2 diabetes (mean?±?SD: age, 52?±?6 years; BMI, 29.7?±?3.1 kg/m2; HbA1c, 7.0?±?0.8%) participated in a randomised, four-trial crossover study, with continual interstitial glucose measurements captured during a 24-h dietary-standardised period following either (1) no exercise (CON); (2) 30 min of continuous exercise (MICT); (3) 10?×?1 min at ~?90 HRmax (HIIT; time commitment, ~?25 min); and (4) 2?×?20 s 'all-out' sprints (REHIT; time commitment, 10 min). RESULTS:Compared to CON, mean 24-h glucose was lower following REHIT (mean?±?95%CI: -?0.58?±?0.41 mmol/L, p?=?0.008, d?=?0.55) and tended to be lower with MICT (-?0.37?±?0.41 mmol/L, p?=?0.08, d?=?0.35), but was not significantly altered following HIIT (-?0.37?±?0.59 mmol/L, p?=?0.31, d?=?0.35). This seemed to be largely driven by a lower glycaemic response (area under the curve) to dinner following both REHIT and MICT (-?11%, p??0.9 for both) but not HIIT (-?4%, p?=?0.22, d?=?0.38). Time in hyperglycaemia appeared to be reduced with all three exercise conditions compared with CON (REHIT: -?112?±?63 min, p?=?0.002, d?=?0.50; MICT: -115?±?127 min, p?=?0.08, d?=?0.50; HIIT -?125?±?122 min, p?=?0.04, d?=?0.54), whilst indices of glycaemic variability were not significantly altered. CONCLUSION:REHIT may offer a genuinely time-efficient exercise option for improving 24-h glycaemia in men with type 2 diabetes and warrants further study.

SUBMITTER: Metcalfe RS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6244655 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extremely short duration interval exercise improves 24-h glycaemia in men with type 2 diabetes.

Metcalfe Richard S RS Fitzpatrick Ben B Fitzpatrick Sinead S McDermott Gary G Brick Noel N McClean Conor C Davison Gareth W GW

European journal of applied physiology 20180831 12

<h4>Purpose</h4>Reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) is a genuinely time-efficient exercise intervention that improves aerobic capacity and blood pressure in men with type 2 diabetes. However, the acute effects of REHIT on 24-h glycaemia have not been examined.<h4>Methods</h4>11 men with type 2 diabetes (mean ± SD: age, 52 ± 6 years; BMI, 29.7 ± 3.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; HbA<sub>1c</sub>, 7.0 ± 0.8%) participated in a randomised, four-trial crossover study, with continual inters ...[more]

PMID: 30171349

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Project description:The purpose of this investigation was to compare changes in circulating lymphocyte subset cell counts between high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), sprint interval exercise (SIE), and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE). Recreationally active men (n = 11; age: 23 ± 4 yr; height: 179.9 ± 4.5 cm; body mass: 79.8 ± 8.7 kg; body fat %:12.6 ± 3.8%; V̇O2max: 46.6 ± 3.9 ml⋅kg-1⋅min-1) completed a maximal graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and three duration-matched cycling trials (HIIE, SIE, and MICE) in a randomized, counterbalanced fashion. HIIE consisted of fifteen 90-s bouts at 85% V̇O2max interspersed with 90-s active recovery periods. SIE consisted of fifteen 20-s bouts at 130% maximal power and 160-s active recovery periods. MICE was a continuous bout at 65% V̇O2max. Total exercise duration was 53 min in all three trials, including warm-up and cool-down. Blood was collected before, immediately post, 30 min, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h post-exercise. Changes in lymphocyte subset counts, and surface expression of various markers were analyzed via flow cytometry. Changes were assessed using mixed model regression analysis with an autoregressive first order repeated measures correction. Significant decreases were observed in absolute counts of CD56dim NK cells, CD19+ B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells 30 min and 24-h post-exercise in all three trials. Despite resulting in greater total work and oxygen consumption, MICE elicited similar changes in lymphocyte subset counts and receptor expression compared to both SIE and HIIE. Similarly, while the two interval trials resulted in differing oxygen consumption and total work, no differences in the lymphocyte response were observed. Though both forms of exercise resulted in declines in circulating lymphocyte cell counts, neither exercise type provides an immune-related advantage when matched for duration.

Project description:PurposeImproving cardiopulmonary reserve, or peak oxygen consumption( V˙ O2peak ), may reduce postoperative complications; however, this may be difficult to achieve between diagnosis and surgery. Our primary aim was to assess the efficacy of an approximate 14-session, preoperative high-intensity interval training(HIIT) program to increase V˙ O2peak by a clinically relevant 2 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 . Our secondary aim was to document clinical outcomes.MethodologyIn this prospective study, participants aged 45-85 undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized to standard care or 14 sessions of HIIT over 4 weeks. HIIT sessions involved approximately 30 min of stationary cycling. Interval training alternated 1 min of high (with the goal of reaching 90% max heart rate at least once during the session) and low/moderate-intensity cycling. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET) measured the change in V˙ O2peak from baseline to surgery. Clinical outcomes included postoperative complications, length of stay(LOS), and Short Form 36 quality of life questionnaire(SF-36).ResultsOf 63 participants, 46 completed both CPETs and 50 completed clinical follow-up. There was a significant improvement in the HIIT group's mean ± SD V˙ O2peak (HIIT 2.87 ± 1.94 ml·kg1 ·min-1 vs standard care 0.15 ± 1.93, with an overall difference of 2.73 ml·kg1 ·min-1 95%CI [1.53, 3.93] p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between groups for clinical outcomes, although the observed differences consistently favored the exercise group. This was most notable for total number of complications (0.64 v 1.16 per patient, p = 0.07), SF-36 physical component score (p = 0.06), and LOS (mean 5.5 v 7.4 days, p = 0.07).ConclusionsThere was a significant improvement in V˙ O2peak with a four-week preoperative HIIT program. Further appropriately powered work is required to explore the impact of preoperative HIIT on postoperative clinical outcomes.

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Extremely short duration interval exercise improves 24-h glycaemia in men with type 2 diabetes.

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Extremely short duration interval exercise improves 24-h glycaemia in men with type 2 diabetes.

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