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HIV-1 vaccine design through minimizing envelope metastability.


ABSTRACT: Overcoming envelope metastability is crucial to trimer-based HIV-1 vaccine design. Here, we present a coherent vaccine strategy by minimizing metastability. For 10 strains across five clades, we demonstrate that the gp41 ectodomain (gp41ECTO) is the main source of envelope metastability by replacing wild-type gp41ECTO with BG505 gp41ECTO of the uncleaved prefusion-optimized (UFO) design. These gp41ECTO-swapped trimers can be produced in CHO cells with high yield and high purity. The crystal structure of a gp41ECTO-swapped trimer elucidates how a neutralization-resistant tier 3 virus evades antibody recognition of the V2 apex. UFO trimers of transmitted/founder viruses and UFO trimers containing a consensus-based ancestral gp41ECTO suggest an evolutionary root of metastability. The gp41ECTO-stabilized trimers can be readily displayed on 24- and 60-meric nanoparticles, with incorporation of additional T cell help illustrated for a hyperstable 60-mer, I3-01. In mice and rabbits, these gp140 nanoparticles induced tier 2 neutralizing antibody responses more effectively than soluble trimers.

SUBMITTER: He L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6248932 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Overcoming envelope metastability is crucial to trimer-based HIV-1 vaccine design. Here, we present a coherent vaccine strategy by minimizing metastability. For 10 strains across five clades, we demonstrate that the gp41 ectodomain (gp41<sub>ECTO</sub>) is the main source of envelope metastability by replacing wild-type gp41<sub>ECTO</sub> with BG505 gp41<sub>ECTO</sub> of the uncleaved prefusion-optimized (UFO) design. These gp41<sub>ECTO</sub>-swapped trimers can be produced in CHO cells with  ...[more]

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