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The Inflammatory Potential of the Diet at Midlife Is Associated with Later Healthy Aging in French Adults.

ABSTRACT: Background:While low-grade chronic inflammation has been suggested as a major modulator of healthy aging (HA), no study has yet investigated the link between the inflammatory potential of the diet and multidimensional concepts of HA. Objective:We aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet at midlife, as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and HA assessed 13 y later. Methods:We analyzed data from 2796 participants in the French Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) study aged 45-60 y at baseline (1994-1995) and initially free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. During the trial phase of the study (1994-2002), participants received either a placebo or a daily nutritional dose of antioxidant supplement (120 mg vitamin C, 6 mg ?-carotene, 30 mg vitamin E, 100 ?g Se, 20 mg Zn). HA was assessed in 2007-2009, and defined as having no major chronic disease, good physical and cognitive functioning, independence in daily activities, no depressive symptoms, good social health, good overall self-perceived health, and no function-limiting pain. The DII was calculated based on repeated baseline 24-h dietary records. Its association with HA was assessed by robust-error-variance Poisson regression, providing RR estimates. Results:After adjustment for potential confounders, higher DII scores (reflecting a more proinflammatory diet), were associated with a decreased likelihood of HA: RRtertile 3/tertile 1 = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.99); P-trend = 0.03. Secondary analyses revealed that this association was only significant among participants who had been in the placebo group during the trial phase: RRtertile 3/tertile 1 = 0.80 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.00); P-trend = 0.04. Conclusions:This study suggests that a proinflammatory diet may lower the probability of overall HA. The SU.VI.MAX trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.

SUBMITTER: Assmann KE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6251567 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Inflammatory Potential of the Diet at Midlife Is Associated with Later Healthy Aging in French Adults.

Assmann Karen E KE Adjibade Moufidath M Shivappa Nitin N Hébert James R JR Wirth Michael D MD Touvier Mathilde M Akbaraly Tasnime T Hercberg Serge S Galan Pilar P Julia Chantal C Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle E

The Journal of nutrition 20180301 3

<h4>Background</h4>While low-grade chronic inflammation has been suggested as a major modulator of healthy aging (HA), no study has yet investigated the link between the inflammatory potential of the diet and multidimensional concepts of HA.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet at midlife, as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and HA assessed 13 y later.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 2796 participants in the Fr ...[more]

PMID: 29546305

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Project description:Mindfulness, a practice of non-judgmental awareness of present experience, has been associated with reduced eating psychopathology and emotion-driven eating. However, it remains unclear whether mindfulness relates to diet quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether dispositional mindfulness is associated with diet quality and to explore psychological factors relating dispositional mindfulness to diet quality. Community-dwelling adults (N = 406; Mage = 43.19, SD = 7.26; Mbody mass index [BMI] = 27.08, SD = 5.28; 52% female) completed ratings of dispositional mindfulness, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index was derived. Analyses were conducted using the "lavaan" package in R with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals (BootCI). Age, sex, race, education, and BMI were entered as covariates in all models. Higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with higher diet quality (β = 0.11, p = 0.03), and this effect was mediated through lower depressive symptoms (indirect effect β = 0.06, p = 0.02, BootCI = 0.104-1.42, p = 0.03). Dispositional mindfulness was negatively correlated with perceived stress (β = -0.31, p < 0.01) and NA (β = -0.43, p < 0.01), as well as positively correlated with PA (β = -0.26, p < 0.01). However, these factors were unrelated to diet quality. These cross-sectional data provide initial evidence that dispositional mindfulness relates to diet quality among midlife adults, an effect that may be explained in part by less depressive symptomatology. Given that lifestyle behaviors in midlife are leading determinants of risk for cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive impairment in late life, interventions to enhance mindfulness in midlife may mitigate disease risk. Additional research assessing the impact of mindfulness interventions on diet quality are warranted.

Project description:Compensation implies the recruitment of additional neuronal resources to prevent the detrimental effect of age-related neuronal decline on cognition. Recently suggested statistical models comprise behavioral performance, brain activation, and measures related to aging- or disease-specific pathological burden to characterize compensation. Higher chronological age as well as the APOE ?4 allele are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. A more biological approach to characterize aging compared with chronological age is the brain age gap estimation (BrainAGE), taking into account structural brain characteristics. We utilized this estimate in an fMRI experiment together with APOE variant as measures related to pathological burden and aimed at identifying compensatory regions during working memory (WM) processing in a group of 34 healthy older adults. According to published compensation criteria, better performance along with increased brain activation would indicate successful compensation. We examined the moderating effects of BrainAGE on the relationship between task performance and brain activation in prefrontal cortex, as previous studies suggest predominantly frontal compensatory activation. Then we statistically compared them to the effects of chronological age (CA) tested in a previous study. Moreover, we examined the effects of adding APOE variant as a further moderator. Herewith, we strived to uncover neuronal compensation in healthy older adults at risk for neurodegenerative disease. Higher BrainAGE alone was not associated with an increased recruitment in prefrontal cortex. When adding APOE variant as a second moderator, we found an interaction of BrainAGE and APOE variant, such that ?4 carriers recruited right inferior frontal gyrus with higher BrainAGE to maintain WM performance, thus showing a pattern compatible with successful neuronal compensation. Exploratory analyses yielded similar patterns in left inferior and bilateral middle frontal gyrus. These results contrast those from a previous study, where we found no indication of compensation in prefrontal cortex in ?4 carriers with increasing CA. We conclude that BrainAGE together with APOE variant can help to reveal potential neuronal compensation in healthy older adults. Previous results on neuronal compensation in frontal areas corroborate our findings. Compensatory brain regions could be targeted in affected individuals by training or stimulation protocols to maintain cognitive functioning as long as possible.

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The Inflammatory Potential of the Diet at Midlife Is Associated with Later Healthy Aging in French Adults.

Publications

The Inflammatory Potential of the Diet at Midlife Is Associated with Later Healthy Aging in French Adults.

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