Dataset Information

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to assess associations between intake of combined soft drinks (sugar sweetened and artificially sweetened) and fruit and vegetable juices and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBC) and biliary tract cancers (GBTC) using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 477,206 participants from 10 European countries. METHODS:After 11.4 years of follow-up, 191 HCC, 66 IHBC and 236 GBTC cases were identified. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR; 95% CI) were estimated with Cox regression models with multivariable adjustment (baseline total energy intake, alcohol consumption and intake pattern, body mass index, physical activity, level of educational attainment and self-reported diabetes status). RESULTS:No risk associations were observed for IHBC or GBTC. Combined soft drinks consumption of >6 servings/week was positively associated with HCC risk: HR 1.83; 95% CI 1.11-3.02, p trend = 0.01 versus non-consumers. In sub-group analyses available for 91% of the cohort artificially sweetened soft drinks increased HCC risk by 6% per 1 serving increment (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.09, n cases = 101); for sugar-sweetened soft drinks, this association was null (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.95-1.06; n cases = 127, p heterogeneity = 0.07). Juice consumption was not associated with HCC risk, except at very low intakes (<1 serving/week: HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.38-0.95; p trend = 0.02 vs. non-consumers). CONCLUSIONS:Daily intake of combined soft drinks is positively associated with HCC, but a differential association between sugar and artificially sweetened cannot be discounted. This study provides some insight into possible associations of HCC with sugary drinks intake. Further exploration in other settings is required.

SUBMITTER: Stepien M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6284800 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort.

Stepien Magdalena M Duarte-Salles Talita T Fedirko Veronika V Trichopoulou Antonia A Lagiou Pagona P Bamia Christina C Overvad Kim K Tjønneland Anne A Hansen Louise L Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine MC Fagherazzi Guy G Severi Gianluca G Kühn Tilman T Kaaks Rudolf R Aleksandrova Krasimira K Boeing Heiner H Klinaki Eleni E Palli Domenico D Grioni Sara S Panico Salvatore S Tumino Rosario R Naccarati Alessio A Bueno-de-Mesquita H Bas HB Peeters Petra H PH Skeie Guri G Weiderpass Elisabete E Parr Christine L CL Quirós José Ramón JR Buckland Genevieve G Molina-Montes Esther E Amiano Pilar P Chirlaque Maria-Dolores MD Ardanaz Eva E Sonestedt Emily E Ericson Ulrika U Wennberg Maria M Nilsson Lena Maria LM Khaw Kay-Tee KT Wareham Nick N Bradbury Kathryn E KE Ward Heather A HA Romieu Isabelle I Jenab Mazda M

European journal of nutrition 20141221 1

<h4>Purpose</h4>The aim of the study was to assess associations between intake of combined soft drinks (sugar sweetened and artificially sweetened) and fruit and vegetable juices and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBC) and biliary tract cancers (GBTC) using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 477,206 participants from 10 European countries.<h4>Methods</h4>After 11.4 years of follow-up, 191 HCC, 66 IHBC and 236 ...[more]

PMID: 25528243

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Project description:Background & aimsGallbladder cancer (GBC) is known to have a female predominance while other biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have a male predominance. However, the role of female reproductive factors in BTC etiology remains unclear.MethodsWe pooled data from 19 studies of >1.5 million women participating in the Biliary Tract Cancers Pooling Project to examine the associations of parity, age at menarche, reproductive years, and age at menopause with BTC. Associations for age at menarche and reproductive years with BTC were analyzed separately for Asian and non-Asian women. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by study.ResultsDuring 21,681,798 person-years of follow-up, 875 cases of GBC, 379 of intrahepatic bile duct cancer (IHBDC), 450 of extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EHBDC), and 261 of ampulla of Vater cancer (AVC) occurred. High parity was associated with risk of GBC (HR ≥5 vs. 0 births 1.72; 95% CI 1.25-2.38). Age at menarche (HR per year increase 1.15; 95% CI 1.06-1.24) was associated with GBC risk in Asian women while reproductive years were associated with GBC risk (HR per 5 years 1.13; 95% CI 1.04-1.22) in non-Asian women. Later age at menarche was associated with IHBDC (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.09-1.31) and EHBDC (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.01-1.22) in Asian women only.ConclusionWe observed an increased risk of GBC with increasing parity. Among Asian women, older age at menarche was associated with increased risk for GBC, IHBDC, and EHBDC, while increasing reproductive years was associated with GBC in non-Asian women. These results suggest that sex hormones have distinct effects on cancers across the biliary tract that vary by geography.Lay summaryOur findings show that the risk of gallbladder cancer is increased among women who have given birth (especially women with 5 or more children). In women from Asian countries, later age at menarche increases the risk of gallbladder cancer, intrahepatic bile duct cancer and extrahepatic bile duct cancer. We did not see this same association in women from Western countries. Age at menopause was not associated with the risk of any biliary tract cancers.

Dataset Information

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort.

Publications

Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort.

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