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Stroking modulates noxious-evoked brain activity in human infants.

ABSTRACT: A subclass of C fibre sensory neurons found in hairy skin are activated by gentle touch [1] and respond optimally to stroking at ?1-10 cm/s, serving a protective function by promoting affiliative behaviours. In adult humans, stimulation of these C-tactile (CT) afferents is pleasant, and can reduce pain perception [2]. Touch-based techniques, such as infant massage and kangaroo care, are designed to comfort infants during procedures, and a modest reduction in pain-related behavioural and physiological responses has been observed in some studies [3]. Here, we investigated whether touch can reduce noxious-evoked brain activity. We demonstrate that stroking (at 3 cm/s) prior to an experimental noxious stimulus or clinical heel lance can attenuate noxious-evoked brain activity in infants. CT fibres may represent a biological target for non-pharmacological interventions that modulate pain in early life.

SUBMITTER: Gursul D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6303187 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stroking modulates noxious-evoked brain activity in human infants.

Gursul Deniz D Goksan Sezgi S Hartley Caroline C Mellado Gabriela Schmidt GS Moultrie Fiona F Hoskin Amy A Adams Eleri E Hathway Gareth G Walker Susannah S McGlone Francis F Slater Rebeccah R

Current biology : CB 20181201 24

A subclass of C fibre sensory neurons found in hairy skin are activated by gentle touch [1] and respond optimally to stroking at ∼1-10 cm/s, serving a protective function by promoting affiliative behaviours. In adult humans, stimulation of these C-tactile (CT) afferents is pleasant, and can reduce pain perception [2]. Touch-based techniques, such as infant massage and kangaroo care, are designed to comfort infants during procedures, and a modest reduction in pain-related behavioural and physiolo ...[more]

PMID: 30562526

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Project description:Deep brain stimulation is an established therapy for Parkinson's disease; however, its effectiveness is hindered by limited understanding of therapeutic mechanisms and the lack of a robust feedback signal for tailoring stimulation. We recently reported that subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation evokes a neural response resembling a decaying high-frequency (200-500?Hz) oscillation that typically has a duration of at least 10?ms and is localizable to the dorsal sub-region. As the morphology of this response suggests a propensity for the underlying neural circuitry to oscillate at a particular frequency, we have named it evoked resonant neural activity. Here, we determine whether this evoked activity is modulated by therapeutic stimulation - a critical attribute of a feedback signal. Furthermore, we investigated whether any related changes occurred in spontaneous local field potentials. Evoked and spontaneous neural activity was intraoperatively recorded from 19 subthalamic nuclei in patients with Parkinson's disease. Recordings were obtained before therapeutic stimulation and during 130?Hz stimulation at increasing amplitudes (0.67-3.38?mA), 'washout' of therapeutic effects, and non-therapeutic 20?Hz stimulation. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed using clinical bradykinesia and rigidity scores. The frequency and amplitude of evoked resonant neural activity varied with the level of 130?Hz stimulation (p?<?.001). This modulation coincided with improvement in bradykinesia and rigidity (p?<?.001), and correlated with spontaneous beta band suppression (p?<?.001). Evoked neural activity occupied a similar frequency band to spontaneous high-frequency oscillations (200-400?Hz), both of which decreased to around twice the 130?Hz stimulation rate. Non-therapeutic stimulation at 20?Hz evoked, but did not modulate, resonant activity. These results indicate that therapeutic deep brain stimulation alters the frequency of evoked and spontaneous oscillations recorded in the subthalamic nucleus that are likely generated by loops within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical network. Evoked resonant neural activity therefore has potential as a tool for providing insight into brain network function and has key attributes of a dynamic feedback signal for optimizing therapy.

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Stroking modulates noxious-evoked brain activity in human infants.

Publications

Stroking modulates noxious-evoked brain activity in human infants.

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