A New Case of Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome with a Novel Deletion in ABHD5 Gene
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SUBMITTER: Nakhaei S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6305814 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ABHD5 protein is widely involved in lipid and energy homeostasis. Mutations in the ABHD5 gene are associated with the onset of Neutral Lipid Storage Disease with Ichthyosis (NLSDI), historically known as Chanarin Dorfman Syndrome (CDS). CDS is a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disease, characterized by non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform eritrhoderma (NCIE), hepatomegaly and liver steatosis. Myopathy, neurosensory hearing loss, cataracts, nystagmus, strabismus, and mental impairment are considered additional findings. To date, 151 CDS patients have been reported all over the world. Here we described two additional families with patients affected by CDS from Turkey. Our patients were a 42 and 22-years old men, admitted to the Hospital for congenital ichthyosis. Hepatic steatosis and myopathy were also detected in both patients. ABHD5 molecular analysis revealed the presence of N209* mutation. Our data enlarge the cohort of CDS patients and provide a revision of muscle clinical findings for this rare inborn error of neutral lipid metabolism.
| S-EPMC8274219 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Chanarin Dorfman Syndrome (CDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the multisytemic accumulation of neutral lipids inside the cytoplasmic lipid droplets. This condition is caused by mutations in the abhydrolase domain containing 5 gene (ABHD5). In CDS the skin involvement is the prevalent and always observed clinical feature, consisting of a non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE). Moreover, a variable involvement of the liver and neuromuscular system can be also observed. In this report, we aimed to perform the clinical and genetic characterization of a patient affected by CDS with atypical dermatological findings, considering this rare inborn error of neutral lipid metabolism. METHODS:Genomic DNA samples obtained from patient and his parents were used to perform the sequencing of the ABHD5 exons and their intron/exon boundaries. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate the possible effect of the identified mutation on protein structure. RESULTS:Here we present the case of a 29-year-old male patient with CDS, who, for long time, has been misdiagnosed as pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). He has a history of increasing hyperlipidemia; hepatomegaly associated with hepatosteatosis was also detected. ABHD5 molecular analysis revealed a novel missense mutation, the c.811G > A (p.G271R). Bioinformatic investigations showed that the variant has a deleterious effect on ABHD5 function, probably causing an incorrect folding of the mutant protein. CONCLUSIONS:These results highlihts the importance of genetic testing for ABHD5 in unresolved cases of patients presenting unusual skin lesions, that resemble PRP, associated with a history of hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver.
| S-EPMC6935165 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE) and an intracellular accumulation of triacylglycerol (TG) droplets in most tissues. The clinical phenotype involves multiple organs and systems, including liver, eyes, ears, skeletal muscle and central nervous system (CNS). Mutations in ABHD5/CGI58 gene are associated with CDS.Eight CDS patients belonging to six different families from Mediterranean countries were enrolled for genetic study. Molecular analysis of the ABHD5 gene included the sequencing of the 7 coding exons and of the putative 5' regulatory regions, as well as reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing of normal and aberrant ABHD5 cDNAs.Five different mutations were identified, four of which were novel, including two splice-site mutations (c.47+1G>A and c.960+5G>A) and two large deletions (c.898_*320del and c.662-1330_773+46del). All the reported mutations are predicted to be pathogenic because they lead to an early stop codon or a frameshift producing a premature termination of translation. While nonsense, missense, frameshift and splice-site mutations have been identified in CDS patients, large genomic deletions have not previously been described.These results emphasize the need for an efficient approach for genomic deletion screening to ensure an accurate molecular diagnosis of CDS. Moreover, in spite of intensive molecular screening, no mutations were identified in one patient with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of CDS, appointing to genetic heterogeneity of the syndrome.
| S-EPMC3019207 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles closely mimic human very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) to evade humoral immunity and to facilitate cell entry. However, the principles that govern HCV association with VLDL components are poorly defined. Using an siRNA screen, we identified ABHD5 (α/β hydrolase domain containing protein 5, also known as CGI-58) as a new host factor promoting both virus assembly and release. ABHD5 associated with lipid droplets and triggered their hydrolysis. Importantly, ABHD5 Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome mutants responsible for a rare lipid storage disorder in humans were mislocalised, and unable to consume lipid droplets or support HCV production. Additional ABHD5 mutagenesis revealed a novel tribasic motif that does not influence subcellular localization but determines both ABHD5 lipolytic and proviral properties. These results indicate that HCV taps into the lipid droplet triglyceride reservoir usurping ABHD5 lipase cofactor function. They also suggest that the resulting lipid flux, normally devoted to VLDL synthesis, also participates in the assembly and release of the HCV lipo-viro-particle. Altogether, our study provides the first association between the Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome protein and an infectious disease and sheds light on the hepatic manifestations of this rare genetic disorder as well as on HCV morphogenesis.
| S-EPMC4849665 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Autosomal recessive Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS, MIM #275630) is defined as a neutral lipid storage disease with ichthyosis (NLSDI) due to an accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of different tissues including liver and muscle cells, leucocytes, fibroblasts and nerve cells It is caused by biallelic mutations in the abhydrolase domain containing 5 gene (ABHD5, MIM *604780) which is localized on the short arm of chromosome 3. Here we report an 18 month-old girl in whom we have identified the homozygous ABHD5 mutation c.700C > T, p.(Arg234*). Since none of the parents carried this point mutation, parentage was confirmed by microsatellite marker analysis. Suspected uniparental disomy (UPD) was confirmed by microsatellite genotyping over the entire chromosome 3 and indicated a maternal origin. UPD is an extremely rare event that is not necessarily pathogenic, but may cause disease if the affected chromosome contains genes that are imprinted. Here we report the first case of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome due to a de novo ABHD5 mutation in the maternal germ cell, combined with a maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 3. This case demonstrates that genetic analysis of the patient and both parents is crucial to provide correct genetic counseling.
| S-EPMC8391107 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10308162 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a rare syndromic disease related to an accumulation of triacylglycerol in most organs. The aim of our study was to investigate various organs in a large series of CDS patients.ResultsWe report for the first time thyroid function impairment in CDS. Among 12 investigated patients, 7 showed thyroid function impairment. All of them were over 30 of age. The 5 remaining investigated patients with normal thyroid function were under 30. Thyroid loss of function is an unknown clinical feature of CDS that could gradually develop with age. Thyroid ultrasound showed an abnormal aspect in all investigated patients (6 with thyroid impairment and 3 with normal thyroid function). Cervical MRI done in 2 patients with thyroid impairment showed fat infiltration of thyroid parenchyma. Audiogram carried out in 8 of our patients showed sensorineural hearing impairment in all patients, although only 2 patients suffered from clinical hypoacusia. We also demonstrated that kidney could be a more commonly involved organ than previously reported in the literature. A poorly differentiated kidney parenchyma is a common feature in our series. One patient showed cerebellar atrophy and T2 hypersignal of brain's white matter in MRI. All patients carried the same founder mutation c.773(- 1)G > A in the ABDH5 gene.DiscussionAside from the congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, the most common symptom of CDS, in addition to other organs involvement frequently reported in the literature, we described thyroid dysfunction, an unreported feature, probably related to the lipid infiltration of the thyroid parenchyma. The association found between age and hypothyroidism in CDS patients could explain the gradually development of thyroid disease with age.ConclusionWe reported a thyroid dysfunction and unreported ultrasonographic aspects of kidneys and cerebral MRI in CDS patients.MethodsWe performed clinical analyses in 15 patients in whom thyroid, liver, ocular, kidney, skeletal muscle and neurological involvement were explored. Genetic and molecular explorations were performed by direct sequence analysis. Software SPSS, Fisher's exact test and ANOVA were used for statistical analyses.
| S-EPMC6529994 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: ?/?-hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5) plays an important role in the triacylglycerols (TAG) hydrolysis. Indeed, ABHD5 is the co-activator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), that catalyses the initial step of TAG hydrolysis. Mutations in ABHD5 gene are associated with the onset of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, characterized by non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), hepatomegaly and liver steatosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe here a 5-years-old Brazilian child who presented with NCIE at birth and diffuse micro and macro-vesicular steatosis on liver biopsy since she was 2 years old. Molecular analysis of coding sequence and putative 5' regulatory region of ABHD5 gene was performed. A homozygous novel deletion, affecting the promoter region and the exon 1, was identified, confirming the suspected diagnosis of CDS for this patient. RT-PCR analysis showed that the genomic rearrangement completely abolished the ABHD5 gene expression in the patient, while only a partial loss of expression was detected in her parents. This is the first report describing the identification of a large deletion encompassing the promoter region of ABHD5 gene. The total loss of ABHD5 expression may explain the early onset of CDS and the severe liver involvement. After molecular diagnosis, the patient started a special diet, poor in fatty acids with medium chain triglycerides (MCT), and showed hepatic and dermatologic improvement in spite of severe molecular defect. CONCLUSIONS: This case report extends the spectrum of disease-causing ABHD5 mutations in CDS providing evidence for a novel pathogenic mechanism for this rare disorder. Moreover, our preliminary data show that early diagnosis and prompt treatment of neutral lipid accumulation might be useful for CD patients.
| S-EPMC3995635 | biostudies-literature
Project description:UnlabelledChanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a very rare autosomal recessive inherited neutral lipid metabolism disorder associated with congenital ichthyosis and multi-system involvement. Observation of lipid vacuoles in neutrophils (Jordan's anomaly) in peripheral blood smears in patients with ichthyosiform erythroderma is diagnostic. Herein we present 2 siblings with CDS that were referred to Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics due to ichthyosis. They had hepatomegaly, cataract, growth retardation, and sensorineural hearing loss. Some lipid vacuoles in neutrophils were noted in peripheral blood smear evaluation. Genetic analysis showed homozygous N209X mutation in both patients. They were put on a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with medium-chain fatty acids. During 6 months of follow-up, no improvement was observed in both patients. In conclusion, although CDS is a rare lipid storage disease, it should always be a consideration in patients with congenital ichthyosis, especially those with extracutaneous symptoms or signs. The diagnosis of CDS is made based on a very simple test-peripheral blood smear.Conflict of interestNone declared.
| S-EPMC3781670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:cgi-58 (comparative gene identification-58) is a member of alpha/beta-hydrolase family of proteins. Mutations in CGI-58 are shown to be responsible for a rare genetic disorder known as Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome, characterized by an excessive accumulation of triacylglycerol in several tissues and ichthyosis. We have earlier reported that YLR099c encoding Ict1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acylate lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid. Here we report that human CGI-58 is closely related to ICT1. To understand the biochemical function of cgi-58, the gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant protein was found to specifically acylate lysophosphatidic acid in an acyl-CoA-dependent manner. Overexpression of CGI-58 in S. cerevisiae showed an increase in the formation of phosphatidic acid resulting in an overall increase in the total phospholipids. However, the triacylglycerol level was found to be significantly reduced. In addition, the physiological significance of cgi-58 in mice white adipose tissue was studied. We found soluble lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity in mouse white adipose tissue. Immunoblot analysis using anti-Ict1p antibodies followed by mass spectrometry of the immunocross-reactive protein in lipid droplets revealed its identity as cgi-58. These observations suggest the existence of an alternate cytosolic phosphatidic acid biosynthetic pathway in the white adipose tissue. Collectively, these results reveal the role of cgi-58 as an acyltransferase.
| S-EPMC3259832 | biostudies-literature