Dataset Information

Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women.

ABSTRACT: Obesity and sarcopenia are major causes of morbidity and mortality among seniors. Vitamin D deficiency is very common especially among seniors and has been associated with both muscle health and obesity. This study investigated if 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status is associated with body composition and insulin resistance using baseline data of a completed RCT among relatively healthy community-dwelling seniors (271 seniors age 60+ years undergoing elective surgery for unilateral total knee replacement due to osteoarthritis). Cross-sectional analysis compared appendicular lean mass index (ALMI: lean mass kg/height m²) and fat mass index (FMI: fat mass kg/height m²) assessed by DXA and insulin resistance between quartiles of serum 25(OH)D concentration using multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). Participants in the lowest serum 25(OH)D quartile (4.7?17.5 ng/mL) had a higher fat mass (9.3 kg/m²) compared with participants in the third (8.40 kg/m²; Q3 = 26.1?34.8 ng/mL) and highest (8.37 kg/m²; Q4 = 34.9?62.5 ng/mL) quartile (poverall = 0.03). Higher serum 25(OH)D quartile status was associated with higher insulin sensitivity (poverall = 0.03) and better beta cell function (p = 0.004). Prevalence of insulin resistance tended to be higher in the second compared with the highest serum 25(OH)D quartile (14.6% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.06). Our findings suggest that lower serum 25(OH)D status may be associated with greater fat mass and impaired glucose metabolism, independent of BMI and other risk factors for diabetes.

SUBMITTER: Mathieu SV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6315833 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women.

Mathieu Svea-Vivica SV Fischer Karina K Dawson-Hughes Bess B Freystaetter Gregor G Beuschlein Felix F Schietzel Simeon S Egli Andreas A Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A HA

Nutrients 20181125 12

Obesity and sarcopenia are major causes of morbidity and mortality among seniors. Vitamin D deficiency is very common especially among seniors and has been associated with both muscle health and obesity. This study investigated if 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status is associated with body composition and insulin resistance using baseline data of a completed RCT among relatively healthy community-dwelling seniors (271 seniors age 60+ years undergoing elective surgery for unilateral total knee r ...[more]

PMID: 30477276

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Project description:Background:Obese individuals are known to be at higher risk for vitamin D deficiency than normal-weight individuals. Cutaneous synthesis is a major source of vitamin D; however, objective measurements of sun exposure are lacking in this population. Objective:To assess the validity of a regression model using sun exposure in lean individuals to estimate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in overweight and obese individuals, and to develop a prediction equation for serum 25(OH)D in overweight and obese adults. Methods:This study was a secondary analysis of a 15-wk controlled feeding study investigating the effects of dairy consumption on body composition. Information regarding sun exposure, including day, hour, time outside, and clothing, were self-assessed in sun exposure diaries. Personal sun exposure energy (joules) was assessed by downloading time-specific ultraviolet B energy data from climate stations. Skin reflectance was measured using a Minolta 2500d spectrophotometer. Dietary intake of vitamin D was known. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. Body composition was determined from whole-body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography scans. Results:Sun exposure was positively related to serum 25(OH)D (r = 0.26; P ? 0.05) and inversely related to total fat mass, android fat, and BMI (r = -0.25, -0.30, and -0.32, respectively). The modified Hall model significantly overestimated serum 25(OH)D in overweight and obese adults by 27.33-80.98 nmol/L, depending on the sun exposure calculation. A new regression model was developed for overweight and obese persons that explained 29.1% of the variance in postintervention 25(OH)D concentrations and included sun exposure, skin reflectance, total fat mass, total lean mass, and intra-abdominal adipose tissue as predictors. Conclusion:Major determinants of serum 25(OH)D concentration in healthy overweight and obese individuals include sun exposure, skin reflectance, and adiposity. Addition of adiposity terms to the prior model significantly improved predictive ability in overweight and obese men and women. (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00858312).

Dataset Information

Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women.

Publications

Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women.

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