Dataset Information

Effects of jaw clenching wearing customized mouthguards on agility, power and vertical jump in male high-standard basketball players.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objective

Basketball players commonly use mouthguards for protecting their mouths from collisions with other players. Besides, literature reports that specific types of mouthguards may become an ergogenic device that facilitates a powerful jaw clenching, and a subsequent concurrent activation potentiation through this remote voluntary contraction of the mandible muscles.

Methods

A randomized within-subjects design was used to study the effects of this mechanism on muscular performance (vertical jump, agility, bench press power and leg press power) into two different conditions (mouthguard and no mouthguard) in high-standard basketball players (n = 13). A mean differences analysis and a responder analysis were conducted.

Results

Significant improvements were found (p < 0.05) in all vertical jump protocols using the mouthguard when compared to the no mouthguard conditions. However, no significant differences were found between the two conditions in agility and power (except in one load of bench press). Nevertheless, p-values were closer to statistical significance when analyzing the total time for the agility T-Test than when the first split time was under consideration (p = 0.111 and p = 0.944, respectively).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that the use of custom-made, bite-aligning mouthguard had an ergogenic effect on jump outcomes and inconclusive results in agility T-Test in professional basketball players. From the results obtained in the present study, the use of this type of mouthguards seems to be more justified in power actions on the court than in the strength and conditioning sessions at the gym in well-trained players.

SUBMITTER: Busca B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6323169 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effects of jaw clenching wearing customized mouthguards on agility, power and vertical jump in male high-standard basketball players.

Buscà Bernat B Moreno-Doutres Daniel D Peña Javier J Morales Jose J Solana-Tramunt Mònica M Aguilera-Castells Joan J

Journal of exercise science and fitness 20171201 1

<h4>Background/objective</h4>Basketball players commonly use mouthguards for protecting their mouths from collisions with other players. Besides, literature reports that specific types of mouthguards may become an ergogenic device that facilitates a powerful jaw clenching, and a subsequent concurrent activation potentiation through this remote voluntary contraction of the mandible muscles.<h4>Methods</h4>A randomized within-subjects design was used to study the effects of this mechanism on muscu ...[more]

PMID: 30662485

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Project description:The effects of jaw clenching on balance has been shown under static steady-state conditions but the effects on dynamic steady-state balance have not yet been investigated. On this basis, the research questions were: 1) if jaw clenching improves dynamic steady-state balance; 2) if the effects persist when the jaw clenching task loses its novelty and the increased attention associated with it; 3) if the improved dynamic steady-state balance performance is associated with decreased muscle activity. A total of 48 physically active healthy adults were assigned to three groups differing in intervention (Jaw clenching and balance training (JBT), only balance training (OBT) or the no-training control group (CON)) and attending two measurement points separated by two weeks. A stabilometer was used to assess the dynamic steady-state balance performance in a jaw clenching and non-clenching condition. Dynamic steady-state balance performance was measured by the time at equilibrium (TAE). The activities of tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF) and masseter (MA) muscles were recorded by a wireless EMG system. Integrated EMG (iEMG) was calculated to quantify the muscle activities. All groups had better dynamic steady-state balance performance in the jaw clenching condition than non-clenching at T1, and the positive effects persisted at T2 even though the jaw clenching task lost its novelty and attention associated with it after balance training with simultaneous jaw clenching. Independent of the intervention, all groups had better dynamic steady-state balance performances at T2. Moreover, reductions in muscle activities were observed at T2 parallel to the dynamic steady-state balance performance improvement. Previous studies showed that jaw clenching alters balance during upright standing, predictable perturbations when standing on the ground and unpredictable perturbations when standing on an oscillating platform. This study complemented the previous findings by showing positive effects of jaw clenching on dynamic steady-state balance performance.

Project description:This study was performed aimed at comparing multidirectional bilateral and unilateral jump performance and passive range of motion (ROM) of lower limbs between soccer and basketball young players and evaluating associations between inter-limb ROM asymmetry and bilateral jump performance. A total of 67 young male athletes participated in this study, who were classified as soccer (n = 40; 15.55 ± 1.5 y; 1.76 ± 0.12 m; 58.15 ± 10.82 kg; 19.84 ± 2.98 kg·m2) and basketball (n = 27; 15.7 ± 1.66 y; 1.76 ± 0.12 m; 62.33 ± 16.57 kg; 19.84 ± 2.98 kg·m2) players. Participants were asked to perform bilateral and unilateral multidirectional jumps, and passive ROM of hip (flexion, extension and abduction), knee (flexion) and ankle (dorsiflexion) joints was also assessed. Significant between-group differences were observed for hip extension with flexed knee ROM in dominant (soccer: 142.43 ± 7.74°; basketball: 148.63 ± 8.10°) and non-dominant (soccer: 144.38 ± 8.36°; basketball: 148.63 ± 6.45°) legs; hip flexion with flexed knee ROM in dominant (soccer: 13.26 ± 4.71°; basketball: 9.96 ± 3.42°) and non-dominant (soccer: 12.86 ± 4.55°; basketball: 9.70 ± 3.62°) legs; and for the ratio of hip abduction (soccer: 1.02 ± 0.08; basketball: 0.97 ± 0.11). However, no significant between-group differences were observed for bilateral and unilateral jump capacity, or for inter-limb asymmetries (dominant vs. non-dominant leg). Finally, no associations were observed between ROM ratio (dominant vs. non-dominant leg) and bilateral jump performance. These findings lead to the suggestion that differences on passive ROM values in young male athletes may be sport-specific. Additionally, there seems to be need for the implementation of training strategies specifically aimed at improving bilateral or unilateral jump ability, or at diminishing inter limb passive ROM differences in order to improve multidirectional jump performance for neither soccer nor basketball youth male players.

Dataset Information

Effects of jaw clenching wearing customized mouthguards on agility, power and vertical jump in male high-standard basketball players.

Background/objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Effects of jaw clenching wearing customized mouthguards on agility, power and vertical jump in male high-standard basketball players.

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