Dataset Information

SGLT1 in pancreatic ? cells regulates glucagon secretion in mice, possibly explaining the distinct effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on plasma glucagon levels.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

It is controversial whether sodium glucose transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors increase glucagon secretion via direct inhibition of SGLT2 in pancreatic ? cells. The role of SGLT1 in ? cells is also unclear. We aimed to elucidate these points that are important not only for basic research but also for clinical insight.

Methods

Plasma glucagon levels were assessed in the high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) fed C57BL/6J mice treated with dapagliflozin or canagliflozin. RT-PCR, RNA sequence, and immunohistochemistry were conducted to test the expression of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in ? cells. We also used ?TC1 cells and mouse islets to investigate the molecular mechanism by which SGLT1 modulates glucagon secretion.

Results

Dapagliflozin, but not canagliflozin, increased plasma glucagon levels in HFHSD fed mice. SGLT1 and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), but not SGLT2, were expressed in ?TC1 cells, mouse islets and human islets. A glucose clamp study revealed that the plasma glucagon increase associated with dapagliflozin could be explained as a response to acute declines in blood glucose. Canagliflozin suppressed glucagon secretion by inhibiting SGLT1 in ? cells; consequently, plasma glucagon did not increase with canagliflozin, even though blood glucose declined. SGLT1 effect on glucagon secretion depended on glucose transport, but not glucose metabolism. Islets from HFHSD and db/db mice displayed higher SGLT1 mRNA levels and lower GLUT1 mRNA levels than the islets from control mice. These expression levels were associated with higher glucagon secretion. Furthermore, SGLT1 inhibitor and siRNA against SGLT1 suppressed glucagon secretion in isolated islets.

Conclusions

These data suggested that a novel mechanism regulated glucagon secretion through SGLT1 in ? cells. This finding possibly explained the distinct effects of dapagliflozin and canagliflozin on plasma glucagon levels in mice.

SUBMITTER: Suga T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6323192 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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SGLT1 in pancreatic α cells regulates glucagon secretion in mice, possibly explaining the distinct effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on plasma glucagon levels.

Suga Takayoshi T Kikuchi Osamu O Kobayashi Masaki M Matsui Sho S Yokota-Hashimoto Hiromi H Wada Eri E Kohno Daisuke D Sasaki Tsutomu T Takeuchi Kazusane K Kakizaki Satoru S Yamada Masanobu M Kitamura Tadahiro T

Molecular metabolism 20181027

<h4>Objectives</h4>It is controversial whether sodium glucose transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors increase glucagon secretion via direct inhibition of SGLT2 in pancreatic α cells. The role of SGLT1 in α cells is also unclear. We aimed to elucidate these points that are important not only for basic research but also for clinical insight.<h4>Methods</h4>Plasma glucagon levels were assessed in the high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) fed C57BL/6J mice treated with dapagliflozin or canagliflozin. RT-PCR, ...[more]

PMID: 30416006

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