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Feasibility of Coronary 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron-Emission Tomography Assessment With the Utilization of Previously Acquired Computed Tomography Angiography.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:We assessed the feasibility of utilizing previously acquired computed tomography angiography (CTA) with subsequent positron-emission tomography (PET)-only scan for the quantitative evaluation of 18F-NaF PET coronary uptake. METHODS AND RESULTS:Forty-five patients (age 67.1±6.9 years; 76% males) underwent CTA (CTA1) and combined 18F-NaF PET/CTA (CTA2) imaging within 14 [10, 21] days. We fused CTA1 from visit 1 with 18F-NaF PET (PET) from visit 2 and compared visual pattern of activity, maximal standard uptake (SUVmax) values, and target to background ratio (TBR) measurements on (PET/CTA1) fused versus hybrid (PET/CTA2). On PET/CTA2, 226 coronary plaques were identified. Fifty-eight coronary segments from 28 (62%) patients had high 18F-NaF uptake (TBR >1.25), whereas 168 segments had lesions with 18F-NaF TBR ?1.25. Uptake in all lesions was categorized identically on coregistered PET/CTA1. There was no significant difference in 18F-NaF uptake values between PET/CTA1 and PET/CTA2 (SUVmax, 1.16±0.40 versus 1.15±0.39; P=0.53; TBR, 1.10±0.45 versus 1.09±0.46; P=0.55). The intraclass correlation coefficient for SUVmax and TBR was 0.987 (95% CI, 0.983-0.991) and 0.986 (95% CI, 0.981-0.992). There was no fixed or proportional bias between PET/CTA1 and PET/CTA2 for SUVmax and TBR. Cardiac motion correction of PET scans improved reproducibility with tighter 95% limits of agreement (±0.14 for SUVmax and ±0.15 for TBR versus ±0.20 and ±0.20 on diastolic imaging; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Coronary CTA/PET protocol with CTA first followed by PET-only allows for reliable and reproducible quantification of 18F-NaF coronary uptake. This approach may facilitate selection of high-risk patients for PET-only imaging based on results from prior CTA, providing a practical workflow for clinical application.

SUBMITTER: Kwiecinski J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6324180 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Feasibility of Coronary <sup>18</sup>F-Sodium Fluoride Positron-Emission Tomography Assessment With the Utilization of Previously Acquired Computed Tomography Angiography.

Kwiecinski Jacek J Adamson Philip D PD Lassen Martin L ML Doris Mhairi K MK Moss Alastair J AJ Cadet Sebastian S Jansen Maurits A MA Dey Damini D Lee Sang-Eun SE Yun Mijin M Chang Hyuk-Jae HJ Dweck Marc R MR Newby David E DE Berman Daniel S DS Slomka Piotr J PJ

Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging 20181201 12

<h4>Background</h4>We assessed the feasibility of utilizing previously acquired computed tomography angiography (CTA) with subsequent positron-emission tomography (PET)-only scan for the quantitative evaluation of <sup>18</sup>F-NaF PET coronary uptake.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Forty-five patients (age 67.1±6.9 years; 76% males) underwent CTA (CTA1) and combined <sup>18</sup>F-NaF PET/CTA (CTA2) imaging within 14 [10, 21] days. We fused CTA1 from visit 1 with <sup>18</sup>F-NaF PET (PET) from ...[more]

PMID: 30558496

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Project description:Positron emission tomography (PET) visualizes increased cellular [F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) uptake. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is conceived of a proliferative disease of the lung vessels. Increased glucose uptake can be quantified as pulmonary [F]FDG uptake via PET imaging. Because the angioproliferative mechanisms in PH are still in need of further description, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether [F]FDG PET/CT imaging can elucidate these pathophysiologic mechanisms in different etiologies of PH.Patients (n?=?109) with end-stage pulmonary disease being evaluated for lung transplant were included in this observational study. Mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) of predefined regions of interest in lung parenchyma (LP), left (LV), and right ventricle (RV) of the heart, and SUVmax in pulmonary artery (PA) were determined and normalized to liver uptake. These SUV ratios (SUVRs) were compared with results from right heart catheterization (mean pulmonary artery pressure [mPAP], pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR]), and serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. Group comparisons were performed and Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated.The [F]FDG uptake ratios in LP, RV, RV/LV, and PA, but not in LV, were found to be significantly higher in both patients with mPAP ?25?mm Hg (P?=?0.013, P?=?0.006, P?=?0.049, P?=?0.002, P?=?0.68, respectively) and with PVR ?480?dyn·s/cm (P?<?0.001, P?=?0.045, P?<?0.001, P?<?0.001, P?=?0.26, respectively). The [F]FDG uptake in these regions positively correlated also with mPAP, PVR, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. The SUVR of PA positively correlated with the SUVR of LP and RV (r?=?0.55, r?=?0.42, respectively).Pulmonary and cardiac [F]FDG uptake in PET imaging positively correlated with the presence and severity of PH in patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. Increased glucose metabolism in the central PAs seems to play a certain role in terms of severity of PH. These results suggest that [F]FDG-PET imaging can help understand the pathophysiology of PH as a proliferative pulmonary disease.

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Project description:BackgroundRespiratory motion correction is of importance in studies of coronary plaques employing 18 F-NaF; however, the validation of motion correction techniques mainly relies on indirect measures such as test-retest repeatability assessments. In this study, we aim to compare and, thus, validate the respiratory motion vector fields obtained from the positron emission tomography (PET) images directly to the respiratory motion observed during four-dimensional cine-computed tomography (CT) by an expert observer.PurposeTo investigate the accuracy of the motion correction employed in a software (FusionQuant) used for evaluation of 18 F-NaF PET studies by comparing the respiratory motion of the coronary plaques observed in PET to the respiratory motion observed in 4D cine-CT images.MethodsThis study included 23 patients who undertook thoracic PET scans for the assessment of coronary plaques using 18 F-sodium fluoride (18 F-NaF). All patients underwent a 5-s cine-CT (4D-CT), a coronary CT angiography (CTA), and 18 F-NaF PET. The 4D-CT and PET scan were reconstructed into 10 phases. Respiratory motion was estimated for the non-contrast visible coronary plaques using diffeomorphic registrations (PET) and compared to respiratory motion observed on 4D-CT. We report the PET motion vector fields obtained in the three principal axes in addition to the 3D motion. Statistical differences were examined using paired t-tests. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) are reported for the single-phase images (end-expiratory phase) and for the motion-corrected image-series (employing the motion vector fields extracted during the diffeomorphic registrations).ResultsIn total, 19 coronary plaques were identified in 16 patients. No statistical differences were observed for the maximum respiratory motion observed in x, y, and the 3D motion fields (magnitude and direction) between the CT and PET (X direction: 4D CT = 2.5 ± 1.5 mm, PET = 2.4 ± 3.2 mm; Y direction: 4D CT = 2.3 ± 1.9 mm, PET = 0.7 ± 2.9 mm, 3D motion: 4D CT = 6.6 ± 3.1 mm, PET = 5.7 ± 2.6 mm, all p ≥ 0.05). Significant differences in respiratory motion were observed in the systems' Z direction: 4D CT = 4.9 ± 3.4 mm, PET = 2.3 ± 3.2 mm, p = 0.04. Significantly improved SNR is reported for the motion corrected images compared to the end-expiratory phase images (end-expiratory phase = 6.8±4.8, motion corrected = 12.2±4.5, p = 0.001).ConclusionSimilar respiratory motion was observed in two directions and 3D for coronary plaques on 4D CT as detected by automatic respiratory motion correction of coronary PET using FusionQuant. The respiratory motion correction technique significantly improved the SNR in the images.

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Dataset Information

Feasibility of Coronary 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron-Emission Tomography Assessment With the Utilization of Previously Acquired Computed Tomography Angiography.

Publications

Feasibility of Coronary <sup>18</sup>F-Sodium Fluoride Positron-Emission Tomography Assessment With the Utilization of Previously Acquired Computed Tomography Angiography.

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