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Didymin improves UV irradiation resistance in C. elegans.

ABSTRACT: Didymin, a type of flavono-o-glycoside compound naturally present in citrus fruits, has been reported to be an effective anticancer agent. However, its effects on stress resistance are unclear. In this study, we treated Caenorhabditis elegans with didymin at several concentrations. We found that didymin reduced the effects of UV stressor on nematodes by decreasing reactive oxygen species levels and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Furthermore, we found that specific didymin-treated mutant nematodes daf-16(mu86) & daf-2(e1370), daf-16(mu86), akt-1(ok525), akt-2(ok393), and age-1(hx546) were susceptible to UV irradiation, whereas daf-2(e1371) was resistant to UV irradiation. In addition, we found that didymin not only promoted DAF-16 to transfer from cytoplasm to nucleus, but also increased both protein and mRNA expression levels of SOD-3 and HSP-16.2 after UV irradiation. Our results show that didymin affects UV irradiation resistance and it may act on daf-2 to regulate downstream genes through the insulin/IGF-1-like signaling pathway.

SUBMITTER: Zhou L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6330030 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Didymin improves UV irradiation resistance in <i>C. elegans</i>.

Zhou Lin L Wang Lu L Zhang Jialing J Li Jiahe J Bai Shuju S Ma Junfeng J Fu Xueqi X

PeerJ 20190109

Didymin, a type of flavono-o-glycoside compound naturally present in citrus fruits, has been reported to be an effective anticancer agent. However, its effects on stress resistance are unclear. In this study, we treated <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> with didymin at several concentrations. We found that didymin reduced the effects of UV stressor on nematodes by decreasing reactive oxygen species levels and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Furthermore, we found that specific didymin ...[more]

PMID: 30643686

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Project description:NurA and HerA are thought to be essential proteins for DNA end resection in archaeal homologous recombination systems. Thermus thermophilus, an extremely thermophilic eubacterium, has proteins that exhibit significant sequence similarity to archaeal NurA and HerA. To unveil the cellular function of NurA and HerA in T. thermophilus, we performed phenotypic analysis of disruptant mutants of nurA and herA with or without DNA-damaging agents. The nurA and herA genes were not essential for survival, and their deletion had no effect on cell growth and genome integrity. Unexpectedly, these disruptants of T. thermophilus showed increased resistance to UV irradiation and mitomycin C treatment. Further, these disruptants and the wild type displayed no difference in sensitivity to oxidative stress and a DNA replication inhibitor. T. thermophilus NurA had nuclease activity, and HerA had ATPase. The overexpression of loss-of-function mutants of nurA and herA in the respective disruptants showed no complementation, suggesting their enzymatic activities were involved in the UV sensitivity. In addition, T. thermophilus NurA and HerA interacted with each other in vitro and in vivo, forming a complex with 2:6 stoichiometry. These results suggest that the NurA-HerA complex has an architecture similar to that of archaeal counterparts but that it impairs, rather than promotes, the repair of photoproducts and DNA cross-links in T. thermophilus cells. This cellular function is distinctly different from that of archaeal NurA and HerA.IMPORTANCE Many nucleases and helicases are engaged in homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Previous in vitro analyses in archaea indicated that NurA and HerA are the recombination-related nuclease and helicase. However, their cellular function had not been fully understood, especially in bacterial cells. In this study, we performed in vivo analyses to address the cellular function of nurA and herA in an extremely thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus As a result, T. thermophilus NurA and HerA exhibited an interfering effect on the repair of several instances of DNA damage in the cell, which is in contrast to the results in archaea. This finding will facilitate our understanding of the diverse cellular functions of the recombination-related nucleases and helicases.

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Didymin improves UV irradiation resistance in C. elegans.

Publications

Didymin improves UV irradiation resistance in <i>C. elegans</i>.

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