Dataset Information

Microglia are effector cells of CD47-SIRP? antiphagocytic axis disruption against glioblastoma.

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant brain tumor with fatal outcome. Tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs) have been found to be major tumor-promoting immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Hence, modulation and reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages and microglia in GBM is considered a promising antitumor strategy. Resident microglia and invading macrophages have been shown to have distinct origin and function. Whereas yolk sac-derived microglia reside in the brain, blood-derived monocytes invade the central nervous system only under pathological conditions like tumor formation. We recently showed that disruption of the SIRP?-CD47 signaling axis is efficacious against various brain tumors including GBM primarily by inducing tumor phagocytosis. However, most effects are attributed to macrophages recruited from the periphery but the role of the brain resident microglia is unknown. Here, we sought to utilize a model to distinguish resident microglia and peripheral macrophages within the GBM-TAM pool, using orthotopically xenografted, immunodeficient, and syngeneic mouse models with genetically color-coded macrophages (Ccr2 RFP) and microglia (Cx3cr1 GFP). We show that even in the absence of phagocytizing macrophages (Ccr2 RFP/RFP), microglia are effector cells of tumor cell phagocytosis in response to anti-CD47 blockade. Additionally, macrophages and microglia show distinct morphological and transcriptional changes. Importantly, the transcriptional profile of microglia shows less of an inflammatory response which makes them a promising target for clinical applications.

SUBMITTER: Hutter G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6338872 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Microglia are effector cells of CD47-SIRPα antiphagocytic axis disruption against glioblastoma.

Hutter Gregor G Theruvath Johanna J Graef Claus Moritz CM Zhang Michael M Schoen Matthew Kenneth MK Manz Eva Maria EM Bennett Mariko L ML Olson Andrew A Azad Tej D TD Sinha Rahul R Chan Carmel C Assad Kahn Suzana S Gholamin Sharareh S Wilson Christy C Grant Gerald G He Joy J Weissman Irving L IL Mitra Siddhartha S SS Cheshier Samuel H SH

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20190102 3

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant brain tumor with fatal outcome. Tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs) have been found to be major tumor-promoting immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Hence, modulation and reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages and microglia in GBM is considered a promising antitumor strategy. Resident microglia and invading macrophages have been shown to have distinct origin and function. Whereas yolk sac-derived microglia r ...[more]

PMID: 30602457

Similar Datasets

Project description:Rapid clearance of adoptively transferred Cd47-null (Cd47(-/-)) cells in congeneic WT mice suggests a critical self-recognition mechanism, in which CD47 is the ubiquitous marker of self, and its interaction with macrophage signal regulatory protein ? (SIRP?) triggers inhibitory signaling through SIRP? cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs and tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1/2. However, instead of displaying self-destruction phenotypes, Cd47(-/-) mice manifest no, or only mild, macrophage phagocytosis toward self-cells except under the nonobese diabetic background. Studying our recently established Sirp?-KO (Sirp?(-/-)) mice, as well as Cd47(-/-) mice, we reveal additional activation and inhibitory mechanisms besides the CD47-SIRP? axis dominantly controlling macrophage behavior. Sirp?(-/-) mice and Cd47(-/-) mice, although being normally healthy, develop severe anemia and splenomegaly under chronic colitis, peritonitis, cytokine treatments, and CFA-/LPS-induced inflammation, owing to splenic macrophages phagocytizing self-red blood cells. Ex vivo phagocytosis assays confirmed general inactivity of macrophages from Sirp?(-/-) or Cd47(-/-) mice toward healthy self-cells, whereas they aggressively attack toward bacteria, zymosan, apoptotic, and immune complex-bound cells; however, treating these macrophages with IL-17, LPS, IL-6, IL-1?, and TNF?, but not IFN?, dramatically initiates potent phagocytosis toward self-cells, for which only the Cd47-Sirp? interaction restrains. Even for macrophages from WT mice, phagocytosis toward Cd47(-/-) cells does not occur without phagocytic activation. Mechanistic studies suggest a PKC-Syk-mediated signaling pathway, to which IL-10 conversely inhibits, is required for activating macrophage self-targeting, followed by phagocytosis independent of calreticulin Moreover, we identified spleen red pulp to be one specific tissue that provides stimuli constantly activating macrophage phagocytosis albeit lacking in Cd47(-/-) or Sirp?(-/-) mice.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Accumulating preclinical data indicate that targeting the SIRP?/CD47 axis alone or in combination with existing targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors enhances tumor rejection. Although several CD47-targeting agents are currently in phase I clinical trials and demonstrate activity in combination therapy, high and frequent dosing was required and safety signals (acute anemia, thrombocytopenia) were recorded frequently as adverse events. Based on the restricted expression pattern of SIRP? we hypothesized that antibodies targeting SIRP? might avoid some of the concerns noted for CD47-targeting agents. METHODS:SIRP?-targeting antibodies were generated and characterized for binding to human SIRP? alleles and blockade of the interaction with CD47. Functional activity was established in vitro using human macrophages or neutrophils co-cultured with human Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. The effect of SIRP? versus CD47 targeting on human T-cell activation was studied using an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction and a Staphylococcus enterotoxin B-induced T-cell proliferation assay. Potential safety concerns of the selected SIRP?-targeting antibody were addressed in vitro using a hemagglutination assay and a whole blood cytokine release assay, and in vivo in a single-dose toxicity study in cynomolgus monkeys. RESULTS:The humanized monoclonal IgG2 antibody ADU-1805 binds to all known human SIRP? alleles, showing minimal binding to SIRP?1, while cross-reacting with SIRP?, and potently blocking the interaction of SIRP? with CD47. Reduced Fc?R binding proved critical to retaining its function towards phagocyte activation. In vitro characterization demonstrated that ADU-1805 promotes macrophage phagocytosis, with similar potency to anti-CD47 antibodies, and enhances neutrophil trogocytosis. Unlike CD47-targeting agents, ADU-1805 does not interfere with T-cell activation and is not expected to require frequent and extensive dosing due to the restricted expression of SIRP? to cells of the myeloid lineage. ADU-1805 is cross-reactive to cynomolgus monkey SIRP? and upon single-dose intravenous administration in these non-human primates (NHPs) did not show any signs of anemia, thrombocytopenia or other toxicities. CONCLUSIONS:Blocking the SIRP?-CD47 interaction via SIRP?, while similarly efficacious in vitro, differentiates ADU-1805 from CD47-targeting agents with respect to safety and absence of inhibition of T-cell activation. The data presented herein support further advancement of ADU-1805 towards clinical development.

Dataset Information

Microglia are effector cells of CD47-SIRP? antiphagocytic axis disruption against glioblastoma.

Publications

Microglia are effector cells of CD47-SIRPα antiphagocytic axis disruption against glioblastoma.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets