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Biomaterials for vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: The development of therapeutic cancer vaccines as a means to generate immune reactivity against tumors has been explored since the early discovery of tumor-specific antigens by Georg Klein in the 1960s. However, challenges including weak immunogenicity, systemic toxicity, and off-target effects of cancer vaccines remain as barriers to their broad clinical translation. Advances in the design and implementation of biomaterials are now enabling enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity of cancer vaccines by controlling the presentation and release of vaccine components to immune cells and their microenvironment. Here, we discuss the rational design and clinical status of several classes of cancer vaccines (including DNA, mRNA, peptide/protein, and cell-based vaccines) along with novel biomaterial-based delivery technologies that improve their safety and efficacy. Further, strategies for designing new platforms for personalized cancer vaccines are also considered.

SUBMITTER: Zhang R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6355332 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biomaterials for vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy.

Zhang Rui R Billingsley Margaret M MM Mitchell Michael J MJ

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 20181009

The development of therapeutic cancer vaccines as a means to generate immune reactivity against tumors has been explored since the early discovery of tumor-specific antigens by Georg Klein in the 1960s. However, challenges including weak immunogenicity, systemic toxicity, and off-target effects of cancer vaccines remain as barriers to their broad clinical translation. Advances in the design and implementation of biomaterials are now enabling enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity of cancer vacci ...[more]

PMID: 30312721

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