Annatto (Bixa orellana) ?-TCT Supplementation Protection against Embryonic Malformations through Alterations in PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 Pathway.

ABSTRACT: Protective action by annatto-derived delta-tocotrienol (?-TCT) and soy-derived alpha-tocopherol (?-TOC) through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt-cyclin D1 pathway against nicotine-induced DNA damage is the focus of the present study. Nicotine, which has been widely reported to have numerous adverse effects on the reproductive system, was used as a reproductive toxicant. 48 female balb/c mice (6?8 weeks) (23?25 g) were randomly divided into eight groups (Grp.1?Grp.8; n = 6) and treated with either nicotine or/and annatto ?-TCT/soy ?-TOC for seven consecutive days. On Day 8, the females were superovulated and mated before euthanization for embryo collection (46 h post-coitum). Fifty 2-cell embryos from each group were used in gene expression analysis using Affymetrix QuantiGene Plex2.0 assay. Findings indicated that nicotine (Grp.2) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos compared to the control (Grp.1). Intervention with mixed annatto ?-TCT (Grp.3) and pure annatto ?-TCT (Grp.4) significantly increased the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 127% and 79%, respectively compared to Grp.2, but these were lower than Grp.1. Concurrent treatment with soy ?-TOC (Grp.5) decreased embryo production by 7%. Supplementations with ?-TCT and ?-TOC alone (Grp.6-Grp.8) significantly increased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 50%, 36%, and 41%, respectively, compared to control (Grp.1). These results were found to be associated with alterations in the PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 genes expressions, indicating the inhibitory effects of annatto ?-TCT and soy ?-TOC against nicotinic embryonic damage. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt in studying the benefits of annatto ?-TCT on murine preimplantation 2-cell embryos.

SUBMITTER: Mohd Mutalip SS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6358786 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature