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Mycosynthesis of novel lactone in foliar endophytic fungus isolated from Bixa orellana L.

ABSTRACT: There is a colossal demand for natural pigments and its applications in recent times. In the study, a novel lactone pigment was isolated from a predominant endophytic fungus residing in Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae) leaves. The endophyte was identified as Fusarium verticillioides through morphological and molecular investigations. The optimum growth parameters of the endophyte for pigment production were at 33 ºC with pH 6.5 in dark. Through comprehensive spectroscopic studies, the structure of the isolated lactone was resolved and identified as (E)-3, 3-dimethyl-4-(pent-1-en-1-yl)-4-propyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. The acute oral toxicity study of the pigment investigated upon female Wistar rats indicated the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) value above 1000 mg/kg body weight affirming safety. Thus, the red pigment from the isolated endophyte may be employed as a sustainable source for natural colorant in industries owing to its non-toxicity.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02566-x.

SUBMITTER: Vijayakumar S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7782618 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bixa orellana

Project description:Bixa orellana overview

| PRJNA532246 | ENA

Bixa orellana isolate:Peruana Roja

Project description:Bixa orellana isolate:Peruana Roja Transcriptome or Gene expression

| PRJNA290519 | ENA

Mycosynthesis, characterization, anticancer and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus.

Project description:Background: Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have wider range of biomedical applications. The present work synthesized Tp-AgNPs using mycelial extract of endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus (MEEF), characterized, and analyzed for antibacterial, anti-proliferation and cell wounding healing activities. Methods: The synthesized Tp-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Further, antibacterial activity was determined by Kirby-Bauer test and anti-proliferation activity was tested in human lung carcinoma A549 by water-soluble tetrazolium and flow cytometer assay. In addition, cell wounding healing activity was determined by scratch assay. Results: UV-Vis results displayed a strong absorption peak from 390 nm to 420 nm, which indicated the successful synthesis of Tp-AgNPs. FETEM-EDS results indicated the round and triangle shaped Tp-AgNPs with the average size of 25 nm in accordance with PSA. FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of various functional molecules from MEEF in the synthesis of Tp-AgNPs. XRD result proved nature of Tp-AgNPs as a high-quality crystal. The Tp-AgNPs significantly inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens at the minimal inhibitory concentration of 16.12 μg.mL-1 for Gram+, and 13.98 μg.mL-1 for Gram- bacteria. Further, Tp-AgNPs (2 μg.mL-1) showed a strong anti-proliferation effect in A549. Interestingly, Tp-AgNPs was not cytotoxic to normal NIH3T3 cells. In addition, the NPs exhibited a strong cell wounding healing activity. Conclusion: This work biosynthesized AgNPs with strong antibacterial, anticancer and cell wound healing properties using endophytic fungus T. purpureogenus.

| S-EPMC6515543 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome of the lipstick tree, Bixa Orellana (Bixaceae).

Project description:Bixa orellana is a small tree known for its red, oil-soluble pigment contained in the seed coat that is used as a natural dye and food coloring. In this study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast genome of B. orellana as a resource for future genetic studies. With a total length of 159,825 bp, the chloroplast genome comprised of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 89,476 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 19,617 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,356 bp each. A total of 127 genes were predicted, consisting of 83 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the position of B. orellana within the order Malvales.

| S-EPMC7510647 | biostudies-literature

New spiral γ-lactone enantiomers from the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis foedan.

Project description:(-)-(4S, 8S)-Foedanolide (1a) and (+)-(4R, 8R)-foedanolide (1b), a pair of new spiro-γ-lactone enantiomers, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis foedan by HPLC using a chiral column, achieving over 7% ee. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR spectra combined with computational methods via calculation of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotation (OR). Compounds 1a and 1b showed moderate activities against HeLa, A-549, U-251, HepG2 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines.

| S-EPMC6269859 | biostudies-literature

Traditional uses, chemical constituents, and biological activities of Bixa orellana L.: a review.

Project description:Bixa orellana L., popularly known as "urucum," has been used by indigenous communities in Brazil and other tropical countries for several biological applications, which indicates its potential use as an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. The aim of this work was to report the main evidence found in the literature, concerning the ethnopharmacology, the biological activity, and the phytochemistry studies related to Bixa orellana L. Therefore, this work comprises a systematic review about the use of Bixa orellana in the American continent and analysis of the data collected. This study shows the well-characterized pharmacological actions that may be considered relevant for the future development of an innovative therapeutic agent.

| S-EPMC4094728 | biostudies-other

Identification and expression pattern of a new carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase gene member from Bixa orellana.

Project description:Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) are a class of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of a broad diversity of secondary metabolites known as apocarotenoids. In plants, CCDs are part of a genetic family with members which cleave specific double bonds of carotenoid molecules. CCDs are involved in the production of diverse and important metabolites such as vitamin A and abscisic acid (ABA). Bixa orellana L. is the main source of the natural pigment annatto or bixin, an apocarotenoid accumulated in large quantities in its seeds. Bixin biosynthesis has been studied and the involvement of a CCD has been confirmed in vitro. However, the CCD genes involved in the biosynthesis of the wide variety of apocarotenoids found in this plant have not been well documented. In this study, a new CCD1 gene member (BoCCD1) was identified and its expression was charaterized in different plant tissues of B. orellana plantlets and adult plants. The BoCCD1 sequence showed high homology with plant CCD1s involved mainly in the cleavage of carotenoids in several sites to generate multiple apocarotenoid products. Here, the expression profiles of the BoCCD1 gene were analysed and discussed in relation to total carotenoids and other important apocarotenoids such as bixin.

| S-EPMC3223038 | biostudies-literature

Annatto (Bixa orellana) ?-TCT Supplementation Protection against Embryonic Malformations through Alterations in PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 Pathway.

Project description:Protective action by annatto-derived delta-tocotrienol (?-TCT) and soy-derived alpha-tocopherol (?-TOC) through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt-cyclin D1 pathway against nicotine-induced DNA damage is the focus of the present study. Nicotine, which has been widely reported to have numerous adverse effects on the reproductive system, was used as a reproductive toxicant. 48 female balb/c mice (6?8 weeks) (23?25 g) were randomly divided into eight groups (Grp.1?Grp.8; n = 6) and treated with either nicotine or/and annatto ?-TCT/soy ?-TOC for seven consecutive days. On Day 8, the females were superovulated and mated before euthanization for embryo collection (46 h post-coitum). Fifty 2-cell embryos from each group were used in gene expression analysis using Affymetrix QuantiGene Plex2.0 assay. Findings indicated that nicotine (Grp.2) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos compared to the control (Grp.1). Intervention with mixed annatto ?-TCT (Grp.3) and pure annatto ?-TCT (Grp.4) significantly increased the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 127% and 79%, respectively compared to Grp.2, but these were lower than Grp.1. Concurrent treatment with soy ?-TOC (Grp.5) decreased embryo production by 7%. Supplementations with ?-TCT and ?-TOC alone (Grp.6-Grp.8) significantly increased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 50%, 36%, and 41%, respectively, compared to control (Grp.1). These results were found to be associated with alterations in the PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 genes expressions, indicating the inhibitory effects of annatto ?-TCT and soy ?-TOC against nicotinic embryonic damage. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt in studying the benefits of annatto ?-TCT on murine preimplantation 2-cell embryos.

| S-EPMC6358786 | biostudies-literature

Highly structured genetic diversity of Bixa orellana var. urucurana, the wild ancestor of annatto, in Brazilian Amazonia.

Project description:Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a tropical American crop, commercially valuable due to its application in the food and cosmetics industries as a natural dye. The wild ancestor of cultivated annatto is B. orellana var. urucurana. Although never cultivated, this variety occurs in open forests and anthropogenic landscapes, and is always associated with riparian environments. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity and structure of B. orellana var. urucurana populations in Brazilian Amazonia using 16 microsatellite loci. We used Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) to characterize the potential geographical range of this variety in northern South America. We analyzed 170 samples from 10 municipalities in the states of Rondônia, Pará and Roraima. A total of 194 alleles was observed, with an average of 12.1 alleles per locus. Higher levels of expected (HE) than observed (HO) heterozygosities were found for all populations. Bayesian analysis, Neighbor-Joining dendrograms and PCAs suggest the existence of three strongly structured groups of populations. A strong and positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances was found, suggesting that genetic differentiation might be caused by geographic isolation. From species distribution modelling, we detected that South Rondônia, Madre di Dios River basin, Llanos de Mojos, Llanos de Orinoco and eastern Ecuador are highly suitable areas for wild annatto to occur, providing additional targets for future exploration and conservation. Climatic adaptation analyses revealed strong differentiation among populations, suggesting that precipitation plays a key role in wild annatto's current and potential distribution patterns.

| S-EPMC5991381 | biostudies-literature

Gene expression analysis during the fruit development in dehiscent and indehiscent Bixa orellana L. accessions.

Project description:Fruit morphology and dehiscence-related genes were analyzed in dehiscent N4P and dehiscent P12 Bixa orellana accessions. Fruit architecture (exocarp and pericarp cells, trichomes, vascular bundles, vesicles, and bixin cells) documented by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology, blue toluidine stain, and phloroglucinol and hydrochloric acid (PHCL) stain was similar in both accessions. Although, the dehiscent zone (DZ) was higher in the indehiscent P12 B. orellana accession, lignification values, obtained by phloroglucinol and hydrochloric acid stain, within the DZ remain was similar in both variants being lower at 34 days after floral anthesis in the dehiscent N4P B. orellana accession. Dehiscence-related genes APETALA (AP2), SHATTERPROOF (SHP), and SPATULA (SPT) were identified on the reported B. orellana transcriptome (SRX1117606). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers build by using these genes allow observing a differential expression during six fruit development stages. In both B. orellana accessions, the AP2 transcripts have a reduced expression, whereas the SHP transcripts were significantly higher during the first two days and ten days of development. SPT transcripts show an expression differential between both accessions being significantly higher in the dehiscent N4P, peaking with 9.66% at 42 days after floral anthesis (DAFA) of development. SPT transcription profile suggested that this gene has an important role during the fruit opening in the dehiscent N4P B. orellana accession.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01180-w.

| S-EPMC9110607 | biostudies-literature

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