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Hypoxia exposure alleviates impaired muscular metabolism, glucose tolerance, and aerobic capacity in apelin-knockout mice.

ABSTRACT: High altitude hypoxia adaptation can improve glucose tolerance in people with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Apelin is an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor APJ and has possible roles in energy metabolism. Apelin-null mice have been reported to exhibit impaired insulin sensitivity, which can be reversed by supplementation of exogenous apelin. Here, we examined the effects of 4 weeks' intermittent hypoxia exposure on physiological and biochemical variables in apelin knockout (KO) mice. Apelin KO mice exhibited decreased expression of substrate metabolism-associated genes/proteins, impaired glucose tolerance, and reduced exercise capacity compared to wild-type mice, and all of these effects were rescued by hypoxia. These findings suggest that hypoxia intervention may possibly be able to alleviate metabolic conditions caused by genetic defects.

SUBMITTER: He S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6396165 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hypoxia exposure alleviates impaired muscular metabolism, glucose tolerance, and aerobic capacity in apelin-knockout mice.

He Shiyi S Li Junping J Wang Jianxiong J Zhang Ying Y

FEBS open bio 20190123 3

High altitude hypoxia adaptation can improve glucose tolerance in people with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Apelin is an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor APJ and has possible roles in energy metabolism. Apelin-null mice have been reported to exhibit impaired insulin sensitivity, which can be reversed by supplementation of exogenous apelin. Here, we examined the effects of 4 weeks' intermittent hypoxia exposure on physiological and biochemical variables in apeli ...[more]

PMID: 30868058

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Project description:BackgroundAround 308 million people worldwide are estimated to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); 25% to 75% of these will develop diabetes within a decade of initial diagnosis. At diagnosis, half will have tissue-related damage and all have an increased risk for coronary heart disease.ObjectivesThe objective of this review was to assess the effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Search strategyWe searched the following databases: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, a range of Chinese language databases, SIGLE and databases of ongoing trials.Selection criteriaRandomised clinical trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo, no treatment, pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions in people with IGT or IFG were considered.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently extracted data. Trials were assessed for risk of bias against key criteria: random sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants, outcome assessors and intervention providers, incomplete outcome data, selective outcome reporting and other sources of bias.Main resultsThis review examined 16 trials lasting four weeks to two years involving 1391 participants receiving 15 different Chinese herbal medicines in eight different comparisons. No trial reported on mortality, morbidity or costs. No serious adverse events like severe hypoglycaemia were observed. Meta-analysis of eight trials showed that those receiving Chinese herbal medicines combined with lifestyle modification were more than twice as likely to have their fasting plasma glucose levels return to normal levels (i.e. fasting plasma glucose <7.8 mmol/L and 2hr blood glucose <11.1 mmol/L) compared to lifestyle modification alone (RR 2.07; 95% confidence intervall (CI) 1.52 to 2.82). Those receiving Chinese herbs were less likely to progress to diabetes over the duration of the trial (RR 0.33; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.58). However, all trials had a considerable risk of bias and none of the specific herbal medicines comparison data was available from more than one study. Moreover, results could have been confounded by rates of natural reversion to normal glucose levels.Authors' conclusionsThe positive evidence in favour of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of IGT or IFG is constrained by the following factors: lack of trials that tested the same herbal medicine, lack of details on co-interventions, unclear methods of randomisation, poor reporting and other risks of bias.

Dataset Information

Hypoxia exposure alleviates impaired muscular metabolism, glucose tolerance, and aerobic capacity in apelin-knockout mice.

Publications

Hypoxia exposure alleviates impaired muscular metabolism, glucose tolerance, and aerobic capacity in apelin-knockout mice.

Similar Datasets

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