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Prognostic factors of childhood and adolescent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival: evidence from four decades of US population data.

ABSTRACT: Growing insight into prognosis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival has led to improved outcome over time and could be further enhanced through investigation using a large number of patients. To characterize the extent of the association of pediatric AML survival with its identified prognostic factors, we analyzed the United States population-based Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) large dataset of 3442 pediatric AML patients diagnosed and followed between 1973 and 2011 using a Cox proportional hazards model stratified by year of diagnosis. Patients diagnosed between 10 and 19 years of age were at a higher risk of death compared to those diagnosed before age 10 (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17-1.44). African Americans (1.27, 1.09-1.48) and Hispanics (1.15, 1.00-1.32) had an elevated risk of mortality than Caucasians. Compared to the subtype acute promyelocytic leukemia, AML with minimal differentiation (2.44, 1.78-3.35); acute erythroid leukemia (2.34, 1.60-3.40); AML without maturation (1.87, 1.35-2.59); and most other AML subtypes had a higher risk of mortality, whereas AML with inv(16) had a substantially lower risk. Age at diagnosis, race-ethnicity, AML subtype, county level poverty and geographic region appeared as significant prognostic factors of pediatric AML survival in the US. Contrary to previous findings, the subtypes of AML with t(9;11)(p22;q23)MLLT3-MLL, AML without maturation and acute myelomonocytic leukemia emerged to be indicative of poor outcome.

SUBMITTER: Hossain MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6398442 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prognostic factors of childhood and adolescent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival: evidence from four decades of US population data.

Hossain Md Jobayer MJ Xie Li L Caywood Emi H EH

Cancer epidemiology 20150706 5

Growing insight into prognosis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival has led to improved outcome over time and could be further enhanced through investigation using a large number of patients. To characterize the extent of the association of pediatric AML survival with its identified prognostic factors, we analyzed the United States population-based Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) large dataset of 3442 pediatric AML patients diagnosed and followed between 1973 and 2 ...[more]

PMID: 26159683

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Project description:BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common hematological malignancies and accounts for about 20% of childhood leukemias. Currently, immunotherapy is one of the recommended treatment schemes for recurrent AML patients to improve their survival rates. Nonetheless, low remission and high mortality rates are observed in recurrent AML and challenge the prognosis of AML patients. To address this problem, we aimed to establish and verify a reliable prognostic risk model using immune-related genes to improve the prognostic evaluation and recommendation for personalized treatment of AML.MethodsTranscriptome data and clinical data were acquired from the TARGET database while immune genes were sourced from InnateDB and ImmPort Shared databases. The mRNA expression profile matrix of immune genes from 62 normal samples and 1408 AML cases was extracted from the transcriptome data and subjected to differential expression (DE) analysis. The entire cohort of DE immune genes was randomly divided into the test group and training group. The prognostic model associated with immune genes was constructed using the training group. The test group and entire cohort were employed for model validation. Lastly, we analyzed the potential clinical application of the model and its association with immune cell infiltration.ResultsIn total, 751 DE immune genes were differentially regulated, including 552 upregulated and 199 downregulated. Based on these DE genes, we developed and validated a prognostic risk model composed of seven immune genes, GDF1, TPM2, IL1R1, PSMD4, IL5RA, DHCR24, and IL12RB2. This model is able to predict the 5-year survival rate more accurately compared with age, gender, and risk stratification. Further analysis showed that CD8+ T-cell contents and neutrophil infiltration decreased but macrophage infiltration increased as the risk score increased.ConclusionsA seven-immune gene model of AML was developed and validated. We propose this model as an independent prognostic variable able to estimate the 5-year survival rate. In addition, the model can also reflect the immune microenvironment of AML patients.

Dataset Information

Prognostic factors of childhood and adolescent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival: evidence from four decades of US population data.

Publications

Prognostic factors of childhood and adolescent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival: evidence from four decades of US population data.

Similar Datasets

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