Dataset Information

Dysglycaemia, Inflammation and Psychosis: Findings From the UK ALSPAC Birth Cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Psychosis is associated with both dysglycaemia and low-grade inflammation, but population-based studies investigating the interplay between these factors are scarce.

Aims

(1) To explore the direction of association between markers of dysglycaemia, inflammation and psychotic experiences (PEs); and (2) To explore whether dysglycaemia moderates and/or mediates the association between inflammation and PEs.

Method

Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort were modeled using logistic and linear regression to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between markers of dysglycaemia (ages 9 and 18), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (age 9), and PEs (ages 12 and 18). We tested for an interaction between dysglycaemia and IL-6 on risk of PEs at age 18, and tested whether dysglycaemia mediated the relationship between IL-6 and PEs.

Results

Based on 2627 participants, at age 18, insulin resistance (IR) was associated with PEs (adjusted OR = 2.32; 95% CI, 1.37-3.97). IR was associated with IL-6 both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Interaction analyses under a multiplicative model showed that IR moderated the association between IL-6 at age 9 and PEs at age 18 (adjusted OR for interaction term = 2.18; 95% C.I., 1.06-4.49). Mediation analysis did not support a model of IR mediating the relationship between IL-6 and PEs.

Implications

IR is associated with PEs in young people even before the onset of clinical psychosis. Metabolic alterations may interact with childhood inflammation to increase risk of PEs. The findings have implications for clinical practice and future research.

SUBMITTER: Perry BI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6403055 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dysglycaemia, Inflammation and Psychosis: Findings From the UK ALSPAC Birth Cohort.

Perry Benjamin Ian BI Upthegrove Rachel R Thompson Andrew A Marwaha Steven S Zammit Stanley S Singh Swaran Preet SP Khandaker Golam G

Schizophrenia bulletin 20190301 2

<h4>Background</h4>Psychosis is associated with both dysglycaemia and low-grade inflammation, but population-based studies investigating the interplay between these factors are scarce.<h4>Aims</h4>(1) To explore the direction of association between markers of dysglycaemia, inflammation and psychotic experiences (PEs); and (2) To explore whether dysglycaemia moderates and/or mediates the association between inflammation and PEs.<h4>Method</h4>Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and C ...[more]

PMID: 29635418

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Project description:BackgroundAn estimated 40% of cancer cases in the UK in 2015 were attributable to cancer risk behaviours. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and unprotected sexual intercourse are known causes of cancer and there is strong evidence that physical inactivity is associated with cancer. These cancer risk behaviours co-occur however little is known about how they pattern longitudinally across adolescence and early adulthood. Using data from ALSPAC, a prospective population-based UK birth cohort study, we explored patterns of adolescent cancer risk behaviours and their associations with cancer risk behaviours in early adulthood.MethodsSix thousand three hundred fifty-one people (46.0% of ALSPAC participants) provided data on all cancer risk behaviours at one time during adolescence, 1951 provided data on all cancer risk behaviours at all time points. Our exposure measure was quartiles of a continuous score summarising cumulative exposure to cancer risk behaviours and longitudinal latent classes summarising distinct categories of adolescents exhibiting similar patterns of behaviours, between age 11 and 18 years. Using both exposure measures, odds of harmful drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C ≥ 8),daily tobacco smoking, nicotine dependence (Fagerström test ≥4), obesity (BMI ≥30), high waist circumference (females: ≥80 cm and males: ≥94 cm, and high waist-hip ratio (females: ≥0.85 and males: ≥1.00) at age 24 were estimated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsWe found distinct groups of adolescents characterised by consistently high and consistently low engagement in cancer risk behaviours. After adjustment, adolescents in the top quartile had greater odds of all outcomes in early adulthood: nicotine dependency (odds ratio, OR = 5.37, 95% confidence interval, CI = 3.64-7.93); daily smoking (OR = 5.10, 95% CI =3.19-8.17); obesity (OR = 4.84, 95% CI = 3.33-7.03); high waist circumference (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.94-3.16); harmful drinking (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.57-2.65); and high waist-hip ratio (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.30-2.71), compared to the bottom quartile. In latent class analysis, adolescents characterised by consistently high-risk behaviours throughout adolescence were at higher risk of all cancer risk behaviours at age 24, except harmful drinking.ConclusionsExposure to adolescent cancer risk behaviours greatly increased the odds of cancer risk behaviours in early adulthood. Interventions to reduce these behaviours should target multiple rather than single risk behaviours and should focus on adolescence.

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Dataset Information

Dysglycaemia, Inflammation and Psychosis: Findings From the UK ALSPAC Birth Cohort.

Background

Aims

Method

Results

Implications

Publications

Dysglycaemia, Inflammation and Psychosis: Findings From the UK ALSPAC Birth Cohort.

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