Dataset Information

Common mechanisms for type 2 diabetes and psychosis: Findings from a prospective birth cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Psychosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are commonly comorbid and may share pathophysiologic mechanisms. To investigate shared genetic variation and inflammation as potential common mechanisms, we tested: (i) associations between genetic predisposition for T2DM and psychotic experiences and psychotic disorder in young adults; (ii) the association between genetic predisposition for schizophrenia and insulin resistance (IR), a precursor of T2DM; and (iii) whether these associations are mediated by childhood inflammation.

Methods

Psychotic experiences (PEs), psychotic disorder and IR were assessed at age 18. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for T2DM and schizophrenia were derived based on large genome-wide association studies. Associations between PRS and psychotic/IR outcomes were assessed using regression analysis based on 3768 ALSPAC birth cohort participants with complete data. Inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) measured at age 9 were used in regression and mediation analyses.

Results

Genetic predisposition for T2DM was associated with PEs (adjusted OR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.45) and psychotic disorder (adjusted OR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.04-2.03) at age 18 in a linear dose-response fashion. Genetic predisposition for schizophrenia was weakly associated with IR (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% C·I, 0.99-1.22) at age 18. The association between genetic risk for T2DM and PEs was partly mediated by childhood CRP (p = .040).

Conclusions

Comorbidity between psychosis and T2DM may be partly underpinned by shared genes and inflammation. A summation of minor genetic variation representing lifetime risk for T2DM at conception may predispose individuals to psychosis in adulthood by influencing physiologic changes, such as low-grade inflammation, detectable as early as childhood.

SUBMITTER: Perry BI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7758839 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Common mechanisms for type 2 diabetes and psychosis: Findings from a prospective birth cohort.

Perry Benjamin I BI Jones Hannah J HJ Richardson Tom G TG Zammit Stan S Wareham Nicholas J NJ Lewis Glyn G Jones Peter B PB Khandaker Golam M GM

Schizophrenia research 20200819

<h4>Background</h4>Psychosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are commonly comorbid and may share pathophysiologic mechanisms. To investigate shared genetic variation and inflammation as potential common mechanisms, we tested: (i) associations between genetic predisposition for T2DM and psychotic experiences and psychotic disorder in young adults; (ii) the association between genetic predisposition for schizophrenia and insulin resistance (IR), a precursor of T2DM; and (iii) whether these ass ...[more]

PMID: 32828613

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundOrganic food (OF) consumption has substantially increased in high income countries, mostly driven by environmental concerns and health beliefs. Lower exposure to synthetic pesticides has been systematically documented among consumers of organic products compared to non-consumers. While experimental studies suggest that pesticides currently used in food production may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), no well-conducted prospective studies have investigated the potential association between consumption of organic products and the risk of T2D, controlling for potential confounding factors. The objective of this prospective study was to estimate the association between OF consumption and the risk of T2D.MethodsA total of 33,256 participants (76% women, mean (SD) age: 53 years (14)) of the French NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort study who completed the organic food frequency questionnaire were included (2014-2019). The proportion of OF in the diet (as weight without drinking water) was computed. The associations between the proportion of OF in the diet (as 5% increment and as quintiles) and the risk of T2D were estimated using multivariable Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) derived from proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders (sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, medical and nutritional factors).ResultsDuring follow-up (mean = 4.05 y, SD = 1.03 y, 134,990 person-years), 293 incident cases of T2D were identified. After adjustment for confounders including lifestyle (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption) and nutritional quality of the diet assessed by the adherence to the French food-based dietary guidelines, OF consumption was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Participants with the highest quintile of OF consumption, compared with those with the lowest quintile, had 35% lower risk of T2D (95% CI = 0.43-0.97). Each increment of 5% in the proportion of OF in the diet was associated with 3% lower risk of T2D (HR 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.99).ConclusionsIn this large prospective cohort study, OF consumption was inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Further experimental and prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these observations.Clinical trial registryThe study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03335644 ).

Project description:PurposeThe South Australian Aboriginal Birth Cohort (SAABC) is a prospective, longitudinal birth cohort established to: (1) estimate Aboriginal child dental disease compared with population estimates; (2) determine the efficacy of an early childhood caries intervention in early versus late infancy; (3) examine if efficacy was sustained over time and; (4) document factors influencing social, behavioural, cognitive, anthropometric, dietary and educational attainment over time.ParticipantsThe original SAABC comprised 449 women pregnant with an Aboriginal child recruited February 2011 to May 2012. At child age 2 years, 324 (74%) participants were retained, at age 3 years, 324 (74%) participants were retained and at age 5 years, 299 (69%) participants were retained. Fieldwork for follow-up at age 7 years is underway, with funding available for follow-up at age 9 years.Findings to dateAt baseline, 53% of mothers were aged 14-24 years and 72% had high school or less educational attainment. At age 3 years, dental disease experience was higher among children exposed to the intervention later rather than earlier in infancy. The effect was sustained at age 5 years, but rates were still higher than general child population estimates. Experiences of racism were high among mothers, with impacts on both tooth brushing and toothache. Compared with population estimates, levels of self-efficacy and self-rated oral health of mothers at baseline were low.Future plansOur data have contributed to a better understanding of the environmental, behavioural, dietary, biological and psychosocial factors contributing to Aboriginal child oral and general health, and social and emotional well-being. This is beneficial in charting the trajectory of cohort participants' health and well-being overtime, particularly in identifying antecedents of chronic diseases which are highly prevalent among Aboriginal Australians. Funding for continued follow-up of the cohort will be sought.Trial registration numberACTRN12611000111976; Post-results.

Dataset Information

Common mechanisms for type 2 diabetes and psychosis: Findings from a prospective birth cohort.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Common mechanisms for type 2 diabetes and psychosis: Findings from a prospective birth cohort.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets