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Transfusion of standard-issue packed red blood cells induces pulmonary vasoconstriction in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery-A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Experimental and volunteer studies have reported pulmonary vasoconstriction during transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) stored for prolonged periods. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether transfusion of PRBCs stored over 21 days (standard-issue, siPRBCs) increases pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) to a greater extent than transfusion of PRBCs stored for less then 14 days (fresh, fPRBCs) in critically ill patients following cardiac surgery. The key secondary aim was to assess whether the pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) increases after transfusion of siPRBCs to a greater extent than after transfusion of fPRBCs. METHODS:The study was performed as a single-center, double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. Leukoreduced PRBCs were transfused while continuously measuring hemodynamic parameters. Systemic concentrations of syndecan-1 were measured to assess glycocalyx injury. After randomizing 19 patients between January 2014 and June 2016, the study was stopped due to protracted patient recruitment. RESULTS:Of 19 randomized patients, 11 patients were transfused and included in statistical analyses. Eight patients were excluded prior to transfusion, 6 patients received fPRBCs (10±3 storage days), whereas 5 patients received siPRBCs (33±4 storage days). The increase in PAP (7±3 vs. 2±2 mmHg, P = 0.012) was greater during transfusion of siPRBCs than during transfusion of fPRBCs. In addition, the change in PVRI (150±89 vs. -4±37 dyn·s·cm-5·m2, P = 0.018) was greater after transfusion of siPRBCs than after transfusion of fPRBCs. The increase in PAP correlated with the change of systemic syndecan-1 concentrations at the end of transfusion (R = 0.64,P = 0.034). CONCLUSION:Although this study is underpowered and results require verification in larger clinical trials, our findings suggest that transfusion of siPRBCs increases PAP and PVRI to a greater extent than transfusion of fPRBCs in critically ill patients following cardiac surgery. Glycocalyx injury might contribute to pulmonary vasoconstriction associated with transfusion of stored blood.

SUBMITTER: Baron-Stefaniak J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6411146 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transfusion of standard-issue packed red blood cells induces pulmonary vasoconstriction in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery-A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.

Baron-Stefaniak Joanna J Leitner Gerda C GC Küntzel Nina K I NKI Meyer Elias L EL Hiesmayr Michael J MJ Ullrich Roman R Baron David M DM

PloS one 20190311 3

<h4>Background</h4>Experimental and volunteer studies have reported pulmonary vasoconstriction during transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) stored for prolonged periods. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether transfusion of PRBCs stored over 21 days (standard-issue, siPRBCs) increases pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) to a greater extent than transfusion of PRBCs stored for less then 14 days (fresh, fPRBCs) in critically ill patients following cardiac surgery. The key second ...[more]

PMID: 30856182

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Project description:Importance:The clinical consequences of red blood cell storage age for critically ill pediatric patients have not been examined in a large, randomized clinical trial. Objective:To determine if the transfusion of fresh red blood cells (stored ≤7 days) reduced new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome compared with the use of standard-issue red blood cells in critically ill children. Design, Setting, and Participants:The Age of Transfused Blood in Critically-Ill Children trial was an international, multicenter, blinded, randomized clinical trial, performed between February 2014 and November 2018 in 50 tertiary care centers. Pediatric patients between the ages of 3 days and 16 years were eligible if the first red blood cell transfusion was administered within 7 days of intensive care unit admission. A total of 15 568 patients were screened, and 13 308 were excluded. Interventions:Patients were randomized to receive either fresh or standard-issue red blood cells. A total of 1538 patients were randomized with 768 patients in the fresh red blood cell group and 770 in the standard-issue group. Main Outcomes and Measures:The primary outcome measure was new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, measured for 28 days or to discharge or death. Results:Among 1538 patients who were randomized, 1461 patients (95%) were included in the primary analysis (median age, 1.8 years; 47.3% girls), in which there were 728 patients randomized to the fresh red blood cell group and 733 to the standard-issue group. The median storage duration was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR], 4-6 days) in the fresh group vs 18 days (IQR, 12-25 days) in the standard-issue group (P < .001). There were no significant differences in new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome between fresh (147 of 728 [20.2%]) and standard-issue red blood cell groups (133 of 732 [18.2%]), with an unadjusted absolute risk difference of 2.0% (95% CI, -2.0% to 6.1%; P = .33). The prevalence of sepsis was 25.8% (160 of 619) in the fresh group and 25.3% (154 of 608) in the standard-issue group. The prevalence of acute respiratory distress syndrome was 6.6% (41 of 619) in the fresh group and 4.8% (29 of 608) in the standard-issue group. Intensive care unit mortality was 4.5% (33 of 728) in the fresh group vs 3.5 % (26 of 732) in the standard-issue group (P = .34). Conclusions and Relevance:Among critically ill pediatric patients, the use of fresh red blood cells did not reduce the incidence of new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (including mortality) compared with standard-issue red blood cells. Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01977547.

Project description:Rationale: In critically ill patients, a hemoglobin transfusion threshold of <7.0 g/dl compared with <10.0 g/dl improves organ dysfunction. However, it is unclear if transfusion at a hemoglobin of <7.0 g/dl is superior to no transfusion. Objectives: To compare degrees of organ dysfunction between transfusion and no transfusion at a hemoglobin threshold of <7.0 g/dl among critically ill patients using quasiexperimental regression discontinuity methods. Methods: We performed regression discontinuity analysis using hemoglobin measurements from patients admitted to intensive care units in three cohorts (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV, eICU, and Premier Inc.), estimating the change in organ dysfunction (modified sequential organ failure assessment score) in the 24- to 72-hour window following each hemoglobin measurement. We compared hemoglobin concentrations just above and below 7.0 g/dl using a "fuzzy" discontinuity approach, based on the concept that measurement noise pseudorandomizes similar hemoglobin concentrations on either side of the transfusion threshold. Results: A total of 11,181, 13,664, and 167,142 patients were included in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV), eICU, and Premier Inc. cohorts, respectively. Patient characteristics below the threshold did not differ from those above the threshold, except that crossing below the threshold resulted in a >20% absolute increase in transfusion rates in all three cohorts. Transfusion was associated with increases in hemoglobin concentration in the subsequent 24-72 hours (MIMIC-IV, 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1 to 3.6] g/dl; eICU, 0.7 [95% CI, 0.3 to 1.2] g/dl; Premier Inc., 1.9 [95% CI, 1.5 to 2.2] g/dl) but not with improvement in organ dysfunction (MIMIC-IV, 4.6 [95% CI, -1.2 to 10] points; eICU, 4.4 [95% CI, 0.9 to 7.8] points; Premier Inc., 1.1 [95% CI, -0.2 to 2.3] points) compared with no transfusion. Conclusions: Transfusion was not associated with improved organ dysfunction compared with no transfusion at a hemoglobin threshold of 7.0 g/dl, suggesting that evaluation of transfusion targets other than a hemoglobin threshold of 7.0 g/dl may be warranted.

Dataset Information

Transfusion of standard-issue packed red blood cells induces pulmonary vasoconstriction in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery-A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.

Publications

Transfusion of standard-issue packed red blood cells induces pulmonary vasoconstriction in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery-A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.

Similar Datasets

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