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A prospective study of alcohol involvement and the dual-systems model of adolescent risk-taking during late adolescence and emerging adulthood.

ABSTRACT: AIMS:To estimate interactions and unique effects of behavioral approach and behavioral control on alcohol involvement hypothesized by dual-systems models, during adolescence and emerging adulthood. DESIGN:In a longitudinal study, behavioral approach and behavioral control were examined in relation to alcohol involvement, cross-sectionally and prospectively. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:A total of 846 general population twins born in Colorado, USA were assessed twice (mean = 17.3 and 22.8 years; female = 51.4%; white = 91.8%). MEASUREMENTS:Behavioral approach was measured by self-report questionnaires of sensation-seeking and subjective effects of alcohol. Behavioral control was measured by self-reported lack of planning and nine executive functioning (EF) tasks. Interviewers administered semi-structured clinical interviews to assess alcohol use and disorder (AUD). FINDINGS:None of 36 interaction effects was statistically significant (? = -0.16-0.14, P > 0.06), suggesting that dual systems are additively related to alcohol involvement. In multiple regression models, behavioral approach and behavioral control explained independent variance in alcohol use quantity (? = 0.09-0.33, P < 0.04) and frequency (? = -0.11-0.29, P < 0.03) at both waves. During adolescence, only subjective effects (? = 0.27-0.28, P < 0.001) explained independent variance in AUD. Moreover, measures of the same construct explained independent variance in alcohol involvement: for behavioral control, lack of planning and EF were associated with alcohol frequency in adolescence (? = -0.11-0.25, P < 0.02) and AUD in emerging adulthood (? = -0.09-0.16, P < 0.03). For the behavioral approach, subjective effects were associated with all measures at both waves (? = 0.20-0.33, P < 0.01) and sensation-seeking was associated with all measures in emerging adulthood (? = 0.09-0.11, P < 0.04). In prospective models, adolescent alcohol involvement was associated with later lack of planning (? = 0.12-0.18, P < 0.03) and lack of planning in adolescence was associated with later alcohol involvement (? = 0.12-0.14, P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:Both the behavioral approach and behavioral control components of dual-systems models explain alcohol involvement during adolescence and adulthood, and different measures of the same system assess separate risk processes. The relations between alcohol involvement and the dual systems appear to be bidirectional.

SUBMITTER: Ellingson JM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6411436 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A prospective study of alcohol involvement and the dual-systems model of adolescent risk-taking during late adolescence and emerging adulthood.

Ellingson Jarrod M JM Corley Robin R Hewitt John K JK Friedman Naomi P NP

Addiction (Abingdon, England) 20181205 4

<h4>Aims</h4>To estimate interactions and unique effects of behavioral approach and behavioral control on alcohol involvement hypothesized by dual-systems models, during adolescence and emerging adulthood.<h4>Design</h4>In a longitudinal study, behavioral approach and behavioral control were examined in relation to alcohol involvement, cross-sectionally and prospectively.<h4>Setting and participants</h4>A total of 846 general population twins born in Colorado, USA were assessed twice (mean = 17. ...[more]

PMID: 30398695

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Project description:ObjectiveWe examined whether neighborhood disadvantage predicted subsequent levels, and longitudinal trajectories, of type 1 diabetes (T1D) outcomes among late adolescents transitioning into early emerging adulthood. We also examined whether such associations occur indirectly through parent-adolescent relationship quality.Research design & methodsSeniors in high school with T1D (N = 236; mean age 17.76 ± 0.39 years; 61% female; 73.7% non-Latino White) completed selfreport measures of relationship quality with mothers and fathers, and adherence to their diabetes regimen; glycemic control was measured using HbA1c assay kits. Both T1D outcomes (i.e. adherence, HbA1c) were assessed annually across three time points (two years). Census tract indicators of neighborhood disadvantage (e.g., % unemployed) were culled from participant addresses at baseline linked to American Community Survey data. Structural Equation Modeling was used to estimate direct and indirect links between neighborhood disadvantage, relationship quality, and both subsequent levels (i.e., intercepts centered at Time 2), and trajectories of T1D outcomes (i.e., slopes across three time points).ResultsAll models showed excellent fit to the data. Greater neighborhood disadvantage associated with lower relationship quality with both parents. Lower relationship quality with fathers (but not with mothers) measured at Time 1 predicted poorer levels of adherence and HbA1c at Time 2, and formed an indirect path linking neighborhood disadvantage to each Time 2 outcome. Neighborhood disadvantage and parent-adolescent relationship quality during high school did not predict longitudinal trajectories of T1D outcomes across all three time points.ConclusionsParent-adolescent relationship quality (especially with fathers) remains important for T1D outcomes among late adolescents on the cusp of emerging adulthood, but may be at risk among those living within a socioeconomically-disadvantaged neighborhood.

Project description:BackgroundReports on body mass index (BMI) trajectories from childhood into late adolescence, their determinants, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk markers, particularly among European populations have been few. Moreover, sex-specific investigation is necessary considering the sex difference in BMI, and the sex-specific association between BMI and some cardiometabolic risk markers.MethodsUsing a sample from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study, we explored sex-specific trajectories of the BMI standard deviation score (SDS) from 4 to 18 years of age in 354 males and 335 females by latent (class) growth models. The determinants of trajectory were assessed by logistic regression. We identified cardiometabolic risk markers that were highly associated with BMI SDS trajectory by random forest regression, and finally we used generalized linear models to investigate differences in the identified cardiometabolic risk markers between pairs of trajectories.ResultsWe observed four: 'low-normal weight', 'mid-normal weight', 'high-normal weight', and 'overweight', and three: ''low-normal weight', 'mid-normal weight', and 'high-normal weight' trajectories in males and females, respectively. Higher maternal prepregnancy BMI was associated with the 'overweight' trajectory, and with 'high-normal weight' trajectory in both sexes. In addition, employed mothers and first-born status were associated with 'high-normal weight' trajectory in females. BMI SDS trajectory was associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in males, and diastolic blood pressure and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in females. However, only males following the 'overweight' trajectory had significantly higher IL-18 when compared to their 'low-normal weight' counterpart.ConclusionsWe identified sex-specific distinct trajectories of BMI SDS from childhood into late adolescence, higher maternal prepregnancy BMI as a common determinant of the 'high-normal weight' and 'overweight' trajectories, and 'overweight' trajectory being associated with elevated IL-18 in late adolescence-young adulthood. This study emphasizes the role of maternal prepregnancy BMI in overweight, and highlights IL-18 as a cardiometabolic signature of overweight across life.

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A prospective study of alcohol involvement and the dual-systems model of adolescent risk-taking during late adolescence and emerging adulthood.

Publications

A prospective study of alcohol involvement and the dual-systems model of adolescent risk-taking during late adolescence and emerging adulthood.

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