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MiR-21 promotes pterygium cell proliferation through the PTEN/AKT pathway.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:To evaluate the effect of the overexpression of miR-21 on the properties of pterygium and examine whether miR-21 promotes the proliferation of pterygium cells through targeting the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Methods:Information regarding patient gender, age, and pterygium severity was gathered. Expression of miR-21 was obtained through examination of excised pterygium tissues and superior conjunctiva tissues with real-time PCR. Human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) were obtained from pterygium surgery and subjected to primary culture. The HPF cell lines were divided into a negative control group, an miR-21 inhibitor group, and an miR-21 inhibitor + VO-Ohpic trihydrate group, and then the cell viability and apoptosis and the expression of PTEN and AKT were examined. Results:Fifty-eight subjects with unilateral primary pterygium were included. An increase in the miR-21 levels in pterygium tissue was evident compared with that in the paired normal conjunctival tissues (independent-samples t test, p<0.01). As the severity of the pterygium increased, the miR-21 levels increased (p=0.004, rs=0.373, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). The miR-21 inhibitor suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis of HPF cells through increasing the PTEN expression, and further decreasing the expression of p-AKT, which could be reversed by the PTEN inhibitor VO-Ohpic trihydrate. Conclusions:Aberrant miR-21 overexpression in the pterygium could target PTEN, which contributes to abnormal proliferation of the HPF cells through depressing the PTEN/AKT pathway. The results also suggested the potential of miR-21 and the PTEN/AKT pathway as a novel therapeutic strategy for pterygium.

SUBMITTER: Li X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6416795 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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MiR-21 promotes pterygium cell proliferation through the PTEN/AKT pathway.

Li Xia X Dai Yiqin Y Xu Jianjiang J

Molecular vision 20180723

<h4>Purpose</h4>To evaluate the effect of the overexpression of miR-21 on the properties of pterygium and examine whether miR-21 promotes the proliferation of pterygium cells through targeting the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway.<h4>Methods</h4>Information regarding patient gender, age, and pterygium severity was gathered. Expression of miR-21 was obtained through examination of excised pterygium tissues and superior conjunctiva tissues with real-time PCR. Human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) were obta ...[more]

PMID: 30967746

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Project description:The present study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)?21 on osteoclastogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression levels of tartrate?resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and miR?21 were detected during osteoclastogenesis in receptor activator of NF??B ligand (RANKL)?induced RAW264.7 cells via reverse transcription?quantitative PCR. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to analyze the association between miR?21 and Pten. RANKL?induced RAW264.7 cells were divided into the following groups: MiR?negative control (NC), miR?21 mimic, miR?21 inhibitor and miR?21 mimic + LY294002. The effects of miR?21 on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were then detected using TRAP staining and a bone resorption assay. Pten, phosphorylated?Akt and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFATc1) expression levels were measured by western blotting to analyze the effects of miR?21 on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The present study revealed that miR?21 was upregulated during osteoclastogenesis in RANKL?induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, miR?21 negatively regulated Pten. Compared with the miR?negative control (NC) group, the number of osteoclasts and the percentage of bone resorption were increased in the miR?21 mimic group, whereas they were decreased in the miR?21 inhibitor group. The number of osteoclasts and the percentage of bone resorption in the miR?21 mimic + LY294002 group were lower than in the miR?21 mimic group. Compared with the miR?NC group, the protein expression levels of Pten were decreased, whereas p?Akt and NFATc1 were increased in the miR?21 mimic group. Conversely, Pten protein expression was increased, whereas p?Akt and NFATc1 were decreased in the miR?21 inhibitor group. In the miR?21 mimic + LY294002 group, Pten protein expression was higher, and p?Akt and NFATc1 were lower than in the miR?21 mimic group. In conclusion, miR?21 is upregulated during osteoclastogenesis, and may promote osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via targeting Pten.

Project description:ObjectiveMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an integral role in maintaining beta cell function and identity. Deciphering their targets and precise role, however, remains challenging. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs and their downstream targets involved in the regeneration of islet beta cells following partial pancreatectomy in mice.MethodsRNA from laser capture microdissected (LCM) islets of partially pancreatectomized and sham-operated mice were profiled with microarrays to identify putative miRNAs implicated in beta cell regeneration. Altered expression of the selected miRNAs, including miR-132, was verified by RT-PCR. Potential targets of miR-132 were selected through bioinformatic data mining. Predicted miR-132 targets were validated for their changed RNA, protein expression levels, and signaling upon miR-132 knockdown and/or overexpression in mouse MIN6 and human EndoC-βH1 insulinoma cells. The ability of miR-132 to foster beta cell proliferation in vivo was further assessed in pancreatectomized miR-132-/- and control mice.ResultsPartial pancreatectomy significantly increased the number of BrdU+/insulin+ islet cells. Microarray profiling revealed that 14 miRNAs, including miR-132 and -141, were significantly upregulated in the LCM islets of the partially pancreatectomized mice compared to the LCM islets of the control mice. In the same comparison, miR-760 was the only downregulated miRNA. The changed expression of these miRNAs in the islets of the partially pancreatectomized mice was confirmed by RT-PCR only in the case of miR-132 and -141. Based on previous knowledge of its function, we focused our attention on miR-132. Downregulation of miR-132 reduced the proliferation of MIN6 cells while enhancing the levels of pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-9. The opposite was observed in miR-132 overexpressing MIN6 cells. Microarray profiling, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting of the latter cells demonstrated their downregulated expression of Pten with concomitant increased levels of pro-proliferative factors phospho-Akt and phospho-Creb and inactivation of pro-apoptotic Foxo3a via its phosphorylation. Downregulation of Pten was further confirmed in the LCM islets of pancreatectomized mice compared to the sham-operated mice. Moreover, overexpression of miR-132 correlated with increased proliferation of EndoC-βH1 cells. The regeneration of beta cells following partial pancreatectomy was lower in the miR-132/212-/- mice than the control littermates.ConclusionsThis study provides compelling evidence about the critical role of miR-132 for the regeneration of mouse islet beta cells through the downregulation of its target Pten. Hence, the miR-132/Pten/Akt/Foxo3 signaling pathway may represent a suitable target to enhance beta cell mass.

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MiR-21 promotes pterygium cell proliferation through the PTEN/AKT pathway.

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MiR-21 promotes pterygium cell proliferation through the PTEN/AKT pathway.

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