Dataset Information

Occupational stress is associated with major long-term weight gain in a Swedish population-based cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Occupational stress and obesity are both increasing in prevalence, but prospective findings relating these conditions are inconsistent. We investigated if baseline as well as prolonged exposure to high job demands and low decision latitude were associated with major weight gain (??10% of baseline weight) in 3872 Swedish women and men examined three times over 20 years in the population-based Västerbotten Intervention Program.

Methods

Anthropometry was measured and participants completed questionnaires on job strain, diet, and other lifestyle factors. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for confounders.

Results

Adjusting for age, baseline low decision latitude was associated with major weight gain over 10- and 20-year OR (95% CI) 1.16 (1.00-1.33) and 1.29 (1.13-1.47), respectively (both sexes combined). After adjustment for diet quality and other confounders, the effect over 20 years remained 1.30 (1.13-1.50). Sex modified the effect of prolonged exposure to high job demands over at least 10 years (interaction p?=?0.02), showing that high job demands was a risk factor of major weight gain over 20 years in women [1.54 (1.14-2.07)], but not in men [0.87 (0.63-1.19)]. Neither diet nor other lifestyle factors explained these associations.

Conclusions

In conclusion, low decision latitude predicted major weight gain in women and men. In women, the results suggest an additional contribution to major weight gain from high job demands.

SUBMITTER: Klingberg S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6435615 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Occupational stress is associated with major long-term weight gain in a Swedish population-based cohort.

Klingberg Sofia S Mehlig Kirsten K Johansson Ingegerd I Lindahl Bernt B Winkvist Anna A Lissner Lauren L

International archives of occupational and environmental health 20181206 4

<h4>Purpose</h4>Occupational stress and obesity are both increasing in prevalence, but prospective findings relating these conditions are inconsistent. We investigated if baseline as well as prolonged exposure to high job demands and low decision latitude were associated with major weight gain (≥ 10% of baseline weight) in 3872 Swedish women and men examined three times over 20 years in the population-based Västerbotten Intervention Program.<h4>Methods</h4>Anthropometry was measured and particip ...[more]

PMID: 30523396

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Project description:BackgroundPhthalates are endocrine disrupting chemicals that may influence weight status; however, few studies have considered weight gain during pregnancy and subsequent long-term weight changes in women.ObjectiveTo determine associations of prenatal phthalate exposure with maternal weight during pregnancy and through up to seven years post-delivery.MethodsWe analyzed 15 urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters among 874 pregnant women enrolled in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth Environment and Social Stress Study in Mexico City. We examined three time-specific maternal weight outcomes: gestational weight gain (between 2nd and 3rd trimesters), short-term weight (between 3rd trimester and 12 months post-delivery), and long-term weight (between 18 months and 6-7 years post-delivery). We used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to estimate associations for the total phthalate mixture, as well as multivariable linear mixed models for individual phthalate biomarkers.ResultsAs a mixture, 2nd trimester urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations were associated with somewhat lower gestational weight gain between the 2nd and 3rd trimesters (interquartile range, IQR, difference: -0.07 standard deviations, SD; 95% credible interval, CrI: -0.20, 0.06); multivariable regression and BKMR models indicated that this inverse association was primarily driven by mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl terephthalate (MECPTP). Prenatal (2nd and 3rd trimesters) urinary phthalate mixture concentrations were positively associated with maternal weight change through 12 months postpartum (IQR difference: 0.11 SD; 95% CrI: 0.00, 0.23); these associations persisted from 18 months to 6-7 years follow-up (IQR difference: 0.07 SD; 95% CrI: 0.04, 0.10). Postpartum weight changes were associated with mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP) and MECPTP.ConclusionsPrenatal phthalate exposure was inversely associated with gestational weight gain and positively associated with long-term changes in maternal weight. Further investigation is required to understand how phthalates may influence body composition and whether they contribute to the development of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases in women.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Phthalates are known endocrine disruptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activators, potentially capable of promoting an obesogenic effect. Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to phthalate exposure due to physiological and metabolic changes during pregnancy, including those related to the metabolism of xenobiotics. Phthalate exposure during pregnancy has been associated with early gestational weight gain, however, its effect on long-term weight gain remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between phthalate exposure during pregnancy and long-term changes in weight among women. METHODS:Urinary phthalate concentrations, socioeconomic, anthropometry and information on diet and socioeconomic status were collected during pregnancy from 178 women from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort. Maternal body weight and diet information was also collected up to 5 times in the first year postpartum and twice during follow-up visits 5.2-10.7 years later. A path analysis was performed to assess associations between urinary phthalate metabolite levels during pregnancy and change in weight (kg) per year after delivery, including age, education, living with/without partner, parity, daily energy intake and breastfeeding duration. RESULTS:The mean age at pregnancy was 27.3?±?5.9 years and mean body mass index during the first postpartum year was 27.07?±?4.22?kg/m2. On average, women gained 3.48?kg (0.52?±?0.84?kg/year). A unit increase in log-transformed mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP) was associated with 0.33?kg (95% CI: 0.09, 0.56) higher weight gain per year, and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) with 0.21?kg (95% CI: -0.38, -0.03) lower weight gain per year. CONCLUSION:Exposure to certain phthalates during pregnancy may be associated with long-term weight change in women. More studies on the effects of phthalate exposure during pregnancy on women's long-term health are required.

Dataset Information

Occupational stress is associated with major long-term weight gain in a Swedish population-based cohort.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Occupational stress is associated with major long-term weight gain in a Swedish population-based cohort.

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