Dataset Information

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and HIV Infection Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Cancer From Academic and Community Oncology Practices.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Universal screening of patients with newly diagnosed cancer for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV is not routine in oncology practice, and experts disagree about whether universal screening should be performed.

Objective

To estimate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection among persons with newly diagnosed cancer.

Design, setting, and participants

Multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed cancer (ie, identified within 120 days of cancer diagnosis) at 9 academic and 9 community oncology institutions affiliated with SWOG (formerly the Southwest Oncology Group) Cancer Research Network, a member of the National Clinical Trials Network, with enrollment from August 29, 2013, through February 15, 2017. The data analysis was conducted using data available through August 17, 2017.

Main outcomes and measures

The accrual goal was 3000 patients and the primary end point was the presence of HBV infection (previous or chronic), HCV infection, or HIV infection at enrollment. Patients with previous knowledge of infection as well as patients with unknown viral viral status were evaluated.

Results

Of 3092 registered patients, 3051 were eligible and evaluable. Median (range) age was 60.6 (18.2-93.7) years, 1842 (60.4%) were female, 553 (18.1%) were black, and 558 (18.3%) were Hispanic ethnicity. Screened patients had similar clinical and demographic characteristics compared with those registered. The observed infection rate for previous HBV infection was 6.5% (95% CI, 5.6%-7.4%; n?=?197 of 3050 patients); chronic HBV, 0.6% (95% CI, 0.4%-1.0%; n?=?19 of 3050 patients); HCV, 2.4% (95% CI, 1.9%-3.0%; n?=?71 of 2990 patients); and HIV, 1.1% (95% CI, 0.8%-1.6%; n?=?34 of 3045). Among those with viral infections, 8 patients with chronic HBV (42.1%; 95% CI, 20.3%-66.5%), 22 patients with HCV (31.0%; 95% CI, 20.5%-43.1%), and 2 patients with HIV (5.9%; 95% CI, 0.7%-19.7%) were newly diagnosed through the study. Among patients with infections, 4 patients with chronic HBV (21.1%; 95% CI, 6.1%-45.6%), 23 patients with HCV (32.4%; 95% CI, 21.8%-44.5%), and 7 patients with HIV (20.6%; 95% CI, 8.7%-37.9%) had no identifiable risk factors.

Conclusions and relevance

Results of this study found that a substantial proportion of patients with newly diagnosed cancer and concurrent HBV or HCV are unaware of their viral infection at the time of cancer diagnosis, and many had no identifiable risk factors for infection. Screening patients with cancer to identify HBV and HCV infection before starting treatment may be warranted to prevent viral reactivation and adverse clinical outcomes. The low rate of undiagnosed HIV infection may not support universal screening of newly diagnosed cancer patients.

SUBMITTER: Ramsey SD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6459217 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and HIV Infection Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Cancer From Academic and Community Oncology Practices.

Ramsey Scott D SD Unger Joseph M JM Baker Laurence H LH Little Richard F RF Loomba Rohit R Hwang Jessica P JP Chugh Rashmi R Konerman Monica A MA Arnold Kathryn K Menter Alex R AR Thomas Eva E Michels Ross M RM Jorgensen Carla Walker CW Burton Gary V GV Bhadkamkar Nishin A NA Hershman Dawn L DL

JAMA oncology 20190401 4

<h4>Importance</h4>Universal screening of patients with newly diagnosed cancer for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV is not routine in oncology practice, and experts disagree about whether universal screening should be performed.<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection among persons with newly diagnosed cancer.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>Multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed cancer (ie, ident ...[more]

PMID: 30653226

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Dataset Information

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and HIV Infection Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Cancer From Academic and Community Oncology Practices.

Importance

Objective

Design, setting, and participants

Main outcomes and measures

Results

Conclusions and relevance

Publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and HIV Infection Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Cancer From Academic and Community Oncology Practices.

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