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Gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma - a retrospective study using TCGA database.

ABSTRACT: m6A is the most common form of mRNA modification. However, little is known about its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aims to identify gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in ccRCC. In this study, a total of 528 ccRCC patients from TCGA database with sequencing and CNV data were included. Survival analysis was performed using log-rank tests and Cox regression model. The association between alteration of m6A regulators and clinicopathological characteristics was examined using chi-square test. The results showed that alteration of m6A regulators was associated with pathologic stage. Patients with any CNVs of the regulatory genes had worse OS and DFS than those with diploid genes. Moreover, deletion of m6A "writer" genes was an independent risk factor for OS, and copy number gain of "eraser" genes could magnify the effect in a synergistic way. Additionally, low expression of the writer gene METTL3 was related to activations of adipogenesis and mTOR pathways. Thus, we for the first time determined genetic alterations of m6A regulators in ccRCC and found a significant relationship between the alterations and worse clinical characteristics. The findings provide us clues to understand epigenetic modification of RNA in ccRCC.

SUBMITTER: Zhou J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6461179 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma - a retrospective study using TCGA database.

Zhou Jingcheng J Wang Jiangyi J Hong Baoan B Ma Kaifang K Xie Haibiao H Li Lei L Zhang Kenan K Zhou Bowen B Cai Lin L Gong Kan K

Aging 20190301 6

m6A is the most common form of mRNA modification. However, little is known about its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aims to identify gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in ccRCC. In this study, a total of 528 ccRCC patients from TCGA database with sequencing and CNV data were included. Survival analysis was performed using log-rank tests and Cox regression model. The association between alteration of m6A regulators and clinicopathological characte ...[more]

PMID: 30877265

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Project description:Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified long noncoding RNAs (m6A-lncRNAs) have been proven to be involving in regulating tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis for a variety of tumors. The present study aimed to screen lncRNAs with m6A modification and investigate their biological signatures and prognostic values in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Materials and Methods: lncRNA-seq, miRNA-seq, and mRNA-seq profiles of KIRC samples and the clinical characteristics of corresponding patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The R package "edgeR" was utilized to perform differentially expressed analysis on these profiles to gain DElncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs, respectively. The results of intersection of DElncRNAs and m6A-modified genes were analyzed by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen hub m6A-lncRNAs. Then, WGCNA was also used to construct an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA (ceRNA) network. The Cox regression analysis was conducted on hub m6A-lncRNAs to construct the m6A-lncRNAs prognostic index (m6AlRsPI). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive ability of m6AlRsPI. The m6AlRsPI model was tested by internal and external cohorts. The molecular signatures and prognosis for hub m6A-lncRNAs and m6AlRsPI were analyzed. The expression level of hub m6A-lncRNAs in KIRC cell lines were quantified by qRT-PCR. Results: A total of 21 hub m6A-lncRNAs associated with tumor metastasis were identified in the light of WGCNA. The ceRNA network for 21 hub m6A-lncRNAs was developed. The Cox regression analysis was performed on the 21 hub m6A-lncRNAs, screening two m6A-lncRNAs regarded as independent prognostic risk factors. The m6AlRsPI was established based on the two m6A-lncRNAs as follows: (0.0006066 × expression level of LINC01820) + (0.0020769 × expression level of LINC02257). The cutoff of m6AlRsPI was 0.96. KM survival analysis for m6AlRsPI showed that the high m6AlRsPI group could contribute to higher mortality. The area under ROC curve for m6AlRsPI for predicting 3- and 5-year survival was 0.760 and 0.677, respectively, and the m6AlRsPI was also tested. The mutation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) analysis for m6AlRsPI showed that the high m6AIRsPI group had more samples with gene mutation and had more likely caused EMT. Finally, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed for mRNAs interacted with the two m6A-lncRNAs, showing they were involved in the process of RNA splicing and regulation of the mRNA surveillance pathway. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the two m6A-lncRNAs were upregulated in KIRC. Conclusion: In the present study, hub m6A-lncRNAs were determined associated with metastasis in KIRC, and the ceRNA network demonstrated the potential carcinogenic regulatory pathway. Two m6A-lncRNAs associated with the overall survival were screened and m6AlRsPI was constructed and validated. Finally, the molecular signatures for m6AlRsPI and the two m6A-lncRNAs were analyzed to investigate the potential modulated processes in KIRC.

Project description:Objectives: This study aims to explore the roles of 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and identify a risk signature and prognostic values of m6A RNA methylation regulators in ccRCC. Materials and Methods: RNA sequence data of ccRCC was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed of 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators in ccRCC stratified by different clinicopathological characteristics were unveiled using "limma" package in R version 3.6.0. Cox regression and LASSO analyses were conducted to identify the powerful independent prognostic factors in ccRCC associated with overall survival (OS). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and correlation analyses of the 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators were performed using "STRING" and R package, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was also done using R. In addition, gene ontology (GO), GSEA and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were used to functionally annotate the differentially expressed genes in different subgroups. Results: Most of the 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators are differentially expressed in ccRCC tissue samples stratified by different clinicopathological characteristics in 537 patients. Next, a risk signature for predicting prognosis of ccRCC patients, was established based on two powerful independent prognostic m6A RNA methylation regulators (METTL14 and METTL3). Then, two subgroups (cluster1 and 2) were identified by consensus clustering to the two powerful independent factors and the cluster1 had a poorer prognosis than cluster2. Furthermore, the genes in cluster1 were significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways, biological process, and hallmarks, including "cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)," "leukocyte migration," "Wnt/β-catenin signaling," and so on. Conclusion: M6A RNA methylation regulators play important roles in the initiation and progression of ccRCC and provide a novel sight to understand m6A RNA modification in ccRCC.

Dataset Information

Gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma - a retrospective study using TCGA database.

Publications

Gene signatures and prognostic values of m6A regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma - a retrospective study using TCGA database.

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