Dataset Information

Impact of maternal smoking on early childhood health: a retrospective cohort linked dataset analysis of 697 003 children born in Scotland 1997-2009.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse health impacts on mother and child. We used a large linked Scottish dataset to produce contemporary estimates of the impact on child health, particularly hospitalisation.

Design

Retrospective cohort study linking birth, death, maternity, infant health, child health surveillance and admission records. We examined the association between smoking status at maternity booking and pregnancy outcomes, hospital admission and death during the first 5?years of life. Models were adjusted for maternal age, socioeconomic status, infant feeding, country of birth, sex, parity and delivery mode. We calculated population attributable fraction (PAF) for each outcome.

Setting

Scotland, UK.

Participants

Singleton births between 1997 and 2009 (n=697?003) followed to March 2012.

Results

332?386 children had at least one admission by 31 March 2012. There were 56?588 born small for gestational age, 40?492 prematurely and 1074 postneonatal deaths. Within the first 5 years of life, 56?615 children had at least one admission for acute respiratory infections, 24?088 for bronchiolitis and 7549 for asthma. Maternal smoking significantly increased admission for acute respiratory infections (adjusted HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.34, PAF 6.7%) and bronchiolitis (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.48 under 1?year, PAF 10.1%), asthma (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.37 age 1-5 years, PAF 7.1%) and bacterial meningitis (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.71, PAF 11.8%) age 0-5 years. Neonatal mortality (adjusted OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.49, PAF 6.7%), postneonatal mortality (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.87 to 2.53, PAF 22.3%), small for gestational age (OR 2.67, 95% CI 2.62 to 2.73, PAF 27.5%) and prematurity (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.44, PAF 8.8%) were higher among the offspring of smokers.

Conclusion

Smoking during pregnancy causes significant ill health and death among children born in Scotland. These findings support continued investment to reduce smoking among women before, during and after pregnancy as 50% of women will go on to have further children.

SUBMITTER: Lawder R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6475204 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Impact of maternal smoking on early childhood health: a retrospective cohort linked dataset analysis of 697 003 children born in Scotland 1997-2009.

Lawder Richard R Whyte Bruce B Wood Rachael R Fischbacher Colin C Tappin David Michael DM

BMJ open 20190320 3

<h4>Objective</h4>Smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse health impacts on mother and child. We used a large linked Scottish dataset to produce contemporary estimates of the impact on child health, particularly hospitalisation.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort study linking birth, death, maternity, infant health, child health surveillance and admission records. We examined the association between smoking status at maternity booking and pregnancy outcomes, hospital admission and de ...[more]

PMID: 30898797

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Project description:BackgroundTobacco use and obesity are major public health problems and part of the leading causes of preventable disease and death worldwide. The prevalence of overweight children has escalated over the years; making the weight gain in children a critical issue for health professionals and academics alike. This study examines the association between maternal tobacco use and body weight abnormalities among South African children.Data and methodsThe study uses data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), conducted from 2008 to 2017. The survey is available in five waves which have been merged into a panel dataset of 211,718 children aged between 0 to 5 years old, drawn from a nationally representative sample of households followed across time. Thus, the subgroup of children aged between 6 and 15 years old was excluded from the analysis. The empirical investigation employs a logistic regression model to estimate the marginal effect of maternal smoking on childhood overweight prevalence measured by three anthropometric based proxies, namely risk of child overweight, child overweight and child obesity. This framework assumes unobserved child characteristics to be uncorrelated with independent variables (random effect assumption); hence allowing to control for time-invariant sociodemographic factors which are likely to affect child nutritional health.ResultsIn addition to sociodemographic and health characteristics of mothers, empirical findings suggest that maternal smoking exhibits a significant odds and/ or probability of weight abnormalities in children. Notably, children of smoking mothers are likely to be obese, overweight, or at risk of becoming overweight with a possible coexistence of mother-child overweight. Similarly, weight irregularities in children are likely to increase with mother's age. Conversely, married mothers although associated with increased odds of children having high BMI, display a reduced probability of children being abnormally weighted. Finally, child support grant has the potential to improve children nutritional health as children whose mothers are recipient of such grant have a negative probability of having high BMI.ConclusionOverall, maternal smoking contributes to child overweight and/or obesity in south Africa; suggesting that maternal healthy lifestyle could be an alternative strategic tool to fight against overweight in children. However, mothers' inability to remain and/or follow a healthy life style is plausible as age increases, with spillover effect on child care. Thus, policymakers should prioritize programs to reduce smoking, especially amongst pregnant women and caregivers, to minimise the risk of overweight in children. Promoting the consumption of healthy foods accompanied by physical activity may reduce mothers' stress levels and their incentive to self-medicate using tobacco substances. In addition, comprehensive action programs including child support grant and recommendations for treatment plans that address the problems of children who are already suffering from overweight, remain essential.

Dataset Information

Impact of maternal smoking on early childhood health: a retrospective cohort linked dataset analysis of 697 003 children born in Scotland 1997-2009.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Impact of maternal smoking on early childhood health: a retrospective cohort linked dataset analysis of 697 003 children born in Scotland 1997-2009.

Similar Datasets

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