Dataset Information

Mortality in Relation to Changes in a Healthy Aging Index: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Baseline scores on a Healthy Aging Index (HAI), including five key physiologic domains, strongly predict health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize 9-year changes in a HAI and explore their relationship to subsequent mortality.

Methods

Data are from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study of well-functioning adults aged 70-79 years. A HAI, which ranges from 0 to 10, was constructed at years 1 and 10 of the study including systolic blood pressure, forced expiratory volume, digit symbol substitution test, cystatin C, and fasting glucose. The relationships between the HAI at years 1 and 10 and the change between years and subsequent mortality until year 17 were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Two thousand two hundred sixty-four participants had complete data on a HAI at year 1, of these 1,122 had complete data at year 10. HAI scores tended to increase (i.e. get worse) over 9-year follow-up, from (mean [SD]) 4.3 (2.1) to 5.7 (2.1); mean within-person change 1.5 (1.6). After multivariable adjustment, HAI score was related to mortality from year 1 (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.17 [1.13-1.21] per unit) and year 10 (1.20 [1.14-1.27] per unit). The change between years was also related to mortality (1.08 [1.02-1.15] per unit change).

Conclusions

HAI scores tended to increase with advancing age and stratified mortality rates among participants remaining at year 10. The HAI may prove useful to understand changes in health with aging.

SUBMITTER: O'Connell MDL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6477637 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Mortality in Relation to Changes in a Healthy Aging Index: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

O'Connell Matthew D L MDL Marron Megan M MM Boudreau Robert M RM Canney Mark M Sanders Jason L JL Kenny Rose Anne RA Kritchevsky Stephen B SB Harris Tamara B TB Newman Anne B AB

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20190401 5

<h4>Background</h4>Baseline scores on a Healthy Aging Index (HAI), including five key physiologic domains, strongly predict health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize 9-year changes in a HAI and explore their relationship to subsequent mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>Data are from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study of well-functioning adults aged 70-79 years. A HAI, which ranges from 0 to 10, was constructed at years 1 and 10 of the study including systolic blood pressure, forced exp ...[more]

PMID: 29733331

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Project description:Background and objectivesLow serum bicarbonate associates with mortality in CKD. This study investigated the associations of bicarbonate and acid-base status with mortality in healthy older individuals.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe analyzed data from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, a prospective study of well functioning black and white adults ages 70-79 years old from 1997. Participants with arterialized venous blood gas measurements (n=2287) were grouped into <23.0 mEq/L (low), 23.0-27.9 mEq/L (reference group), and ?28.0 mEq/L (high) bicarbonate categories and according to acid-base status. Survival data were collected through February of 2014. Mortality hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]) in the low and high bicarbonate groups compared with the reference group were determined using Cox models adjusted for demographics, eGFR, albuminuria, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, and systemic pH. Similarly adjusted Cox models were performed according to acid-base status.ResultsThe mean age was 76 years, 51% were women, and 38% were black. Mean pH was 7.41, mean bicarbonate was 25.1 mEq/L, 11% had low bicarbonate, and 10% had high bicarbonate. Mean eGFR was 82.1 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), and 12% had CKD. Over a mean follow-up of 10.3 years, 1326 (58%) participants died. Compared with the reference group, the mortality HRs were 1.24 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.49) in the low bicarbonate and 1.03 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.26) in the high bicarbonate categories. Compared with the normal acid-base group, the mortality HRs were 1.17 (95% CI, 0.94 to 1.47) for metabolic acidosis, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.46) for respiratory alkalosis, and 1.35 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.69) for metabolic alkalosis categories. Respiratory acidosis did not associate with mortality.ConclusionsIn generally healthy older individuals, low serum bicarbonate associated with higher mortality independent of systemic pH and potential confounders. This association seemed to be present regardless of whether the cause of low bicarbonate was metabolic acidosis or respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis also associated with higher mortality.

Project description:IMPORTANCE:Additional information is needed about the role of dietary sodium on health outcomes in older adults. OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between dietary sodium intake and mortality, incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and incident heart failure (HF) in older adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:We analyzed 10-year follow-up data from 2642 older adults (age range, 71-80 years) participating in a community-based, prospective cohort study (inception between April 1, 1997, and July 31, 1998). EXPOSURES:Dietary sodium intake at baseline was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. We examined sodium intake as a continuous variable and as a categorical variable at the following levels: less than 1500 mg/d (291 participants [11.0%]), 1500 to 2300 mg/d (779 participants [29.5%]), and greater than 2300 mg/d (1572 participants [59.5%]). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Adjudicated death, incident CVD, and incident HF during 10 follow-up years. Analysis of incident CVD was restricted to 1981 participants without prevalent CVD at baseline. RESULTS:The mean (SD) age of participants was 73.6 (2.9) years, 51.2% were female, 61.7% were of white race, and 38.3% were black. After 10 years, 881 participants had died, 572 had developed CVD, and 398 had developed HF. In adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models, sodium intake was not associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 g, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.98-1.09; P?=?.27). Ten-year mortality was nonsignificantly lower in the group receiving 1500 to 2300 mg/d (30.7%) than in the group receiving less than 1500 mg/d (33.8%) and the group receiving greater than 2300 mg/d (35.2%) (P?=?.07). Sodium intake of greater than 2300 mg/d was associated with nonsignificantly higher mortality in adjusted models (HR vs 1500-2300 mg/d, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.99-1.35; P?=?.07). Indexing sodium intake for caloric intake and body mass index did not materially affect the results. Adjusted HRs for mortality were 1.20 (95% CI, 0.93-1.54; P?=?.16) per milligram per kilocalorie and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.96-1.28; P?=?.17) per 100 mg/kg/m2 of daily sodium intake. In adjusted models accounting for the competing risk for death, sodium intake was not associated with risk for CVD (subHR per 1 g, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95-1.11; P?=?.47) or HF (subHR per 1 g, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.92-1.08; P?=?.92). No consistent interactions with sex, race, or hypertensive status were observed for any outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:In older adults, food frequency questionnaire-assessed sodium intake was not associated with 10-year mortality, incident CVD, or incident HF, and consuming greater than 2300 mg/d of sodium was associated with nonsignificantly higher mortality in adjusted models.

Dataset Information

Mortality in Relation to Changes in a Healthy Aging Index: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Mortality in Relation to Changes in a Healthy Aging Index: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Similar Datasets

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